标准摘要
[中文适用范围]: 国际标准的范围包含频率范围为 150 kHz 至 2 500 MHz 的无线电干扰测量限值和程序。该标准适用于任何用于车辆、拖车和设备的电子/电气组件。请参考国际电信联盟 (ITU) 出版物以获取频率分配细节。限值旨在保护安装在车辆中的接收器免受同一车辆内组件/模块产生的干扰。整车(无论是否连接电源进行充电)的方法和限值在第 5 章中,组件/模块的方法和限值在第 6 章中。只有整车测试才能确定组件与整车限值的兼容性。需要保护的接收器类型包括广播接收器(声音和电视)、陆地移动无线电、无线电话、业余无线电、公民无线电、卫星导航 (GPS 等)、Wi-Fi 和蓝牙。就本标准而言,车辆是指由内燃机、电力手段或两者共同驱动的移动机器。车辆包括(但不限于)乘用车、卡车、农用拖拉机和雪地摩托。附录 A 提供了确定本标准是否适用于特定设备的指导。本标准不包括从无线电频率 (RF) 发射或瞬态/脉冲型电压波动中保护电子控制系统。这些主题包含在 ISO 出版物中。本标准中的限值为推荐限值,并根据车辆制造商和组件供应商之间的协议进行修改。本标准还旨在由将添加到车辆线束或在车辆交付后连接到车载电源接口的组件和设备制造商和供应商应用。由于安装位置、车身结构和线束设计可能影响无线电干扰耦合到车载无线电,因此本标准的第 6 章定义了多个限值等级。所使用的等级类别(作为频率带的函数)由车辆制造商和组件供应商商定。本标准定义了供车辆制造商和供应商使用的测试方法,以帮助设计车辆和组件,并确保受控的车载无线电频率发射水平。整车测试限值仅供参考,基于典型车载接收器,使用车辆提供的天线,或如果未指定独特天线,则使用测试天线。定义频段并不适用于全球所有地区或国家。出于经济原因,车辆制造商可以确定车辆将在其中销售的国家的适用频段以及可能在该车辆中使用的无线电服务。例如,许多车型可能没有安装电视接收器;然而,电视频道占据了无线电频谱的很大一部分。对此类车辆测试和缓解噪声源在经济上是不合理的。车辆制造商应定义车辆计划销售的所在国家,然后选择适用的频段和限值。然后可以从本标准中选择组件测试参数以支持所选的市场计划。世界行政无线电通信会议 (WARC) 在 1979 年将 1 区的下限频率降低至 148,5 kHz。就车辆用途而言,150 kHz 的测试被认为是足够的。就本标准而言,测试频率范围已概括以覆盖世界各地的无线电服务。在大多数情况下,可以预期保护相邻频率的无线电接收。附录 E 定义了用于测量传导干扰以及针对处于充电模式的车辆的测试所用的人工网络。附录 H 定义了一种定性方法,用于判断存在脉冲噪声时对无线电通信的降级情况。附录 I 定义了电动车和混合动力车高压网络屏蔽供电系统的测试方法。附录 J 定义了用于验证ALSE和组件测试所用参考接地的方法。附录 K 列出了正在考虑用于未来修订的工作。 [外文原描述]: CISPR 25:2016 contains limits and procedures for the measurement of radio disturbances in the frequency range of 150 kHz to 2 500 MHz. The standard applies to any electronic/electrical component intended for use in vehicles, trailers and devices. Refer to International Telecommunications Union (ITU) publications for details of frequency allocations. The limits are intended to provide protection for receivers installed in a vehicle from disturbances produced by components/modules in the same vehicle. The method and limits for a complete vehicle (whether connected to the power mains for charging purposes or not) are in Clause 5 and the methods and limits for components/modules are in Clause 6. Only a complete vehicle test can be used to determine the component compatibility with respect to a vehicle's limit. The receiver types to be protected are, for example, broadcast receivers (sound and television), land mobile radio, radio telephone, amateur, citizens' radio, Satellite Navigation (GPS etc.), Wi-Fi and Bluetooth. For the purpose of this standard, a vehicle is a machine, which is self-propelled by an internal combustion engine, electric means, or both. Vehicles include (but are not limited to) passenger cars, trucks, agricultural tractors and snowmobiles. Annex A provides guidance in determining whether this standard is applicable to particular equipment. This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition published in 2008. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: - inclusion of charging mode for electric vehicles (EV) and plug-in electric vehicles (PHEV), - the methods for chamber validation have been included, - test methods for shielded power supply systems for high voltages for electric and hybrid electric vehicles have been included, - overall improvement. The contents of the corrigendum of October 2017 have been included in this copy.
英文名称Vehicles, boats and internal combustion engines - Radio disturbance characteristics - Limits and methods of measurement for the protection of on-board receivers