避雷器.第5部分:选择和应用建议

[中文适用范围]： IEC 60099 的这一部分提供了标称电压高于 1 kV 的三相系统中使用的避雷器的选择和应用的信息、指导和建议。它适用于 IEC 60099-4 中定义的无间隙金属氧化物避雷器、IEC 60099-6 中定义的包含串联和并联间隙结构（额定电压 52 kV 及以下）的避雷器以及具有外部串联间隙的金属氧化物避雷器适用于 IEC 60099-8 中定义的架空输电和配电线路 (EGLA)。附件 J 讨论了有关旧型 SiC 间隙避雷器的一些方面。避雷器残压是大多数用户在选择避雷器型号和额定值时非常关注的一个主要参数。典型的最大残余电压在附录 F 中给出。然而，对于某些系统或在某些国家，系统可靠性和设计的要求可能足够统一，因此本标准的建议可能导致定义窄范围的避雷器。在这种情况下，电涌放电器的用户将不需要将这里介绍的整个过程应用于任何新的安装，并且可以继续从先前实践中产生的特性选择。附件 H 和 I 介绍了旧线路放电分类和新充电分类之间的比较和计算。 [外文原描述]： IEC 60099-5:2018 provides information, guidance, and recommendations for the selection and application of surge arresters to be used in three-phase systems with nominal voltages above 1 kV. It applies to gapless metal-oxide surge arresters as defined in IEC 60099-4, to surge arresters containing both series and parallel gapped structure – rated 52 kV and less as defined in IEC 60099-6 and metal-oxide surge arresters with external series gap for overhead transmission and distribution lines (EGLA) as defined in IEC 60099-8. In Annex J, some aspects regarding the old type of SiC gapped arresters are discussed. Surge arrester residual voltage is a major parameter to which most users have paid a lot of attention to when selecting the type and rating. Typical maximum residual voltages are given in Annex F. It is likely, however, that for some systems, or in some countries, the requirements on system reliability and design are sufficiently uniform, so that the recommendations of the present standard may lead to the definition of narrow ranges of arresters. The user of surge arresters will, in that case, not be required to apply the whole process introduced here to any new installation and the selection of characteristics resulting from prior practice may be continued. Annexes H and I present comparisons and calculations between old line discharge classification and new charge classification. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2013. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition regarding the new surge arrester classification introduced in IEC 60099-4:2014: a) Expanded discussion of comparison between the old and new classification and how to calculate or estimate the corresponding charge for different stresses. b) New annexes dealing with: - Comparison between line discharge classes and charge classification - Estimation of arrester cumulative charges and energies during line switching Keywords: selection and application of surge arrestors, nominal voltages above 1 kV