家用及类似用途电器 安全 第2-73部分：固定浸入式加热器的特殊要求

[中文适用范围]： 本部分IEC 60335涉及家用和类似用途的固定式电浸入式加热器的安全性，这些加热器设计用于安装在开放于大气的水箱中，用于将水加热至其沸点以下的温度。单相器具的额定电压不超过250V，其他器具（包括直流供电的器具）的额定电压不超过480V。 注101：水箱可以具有其他加热水的方式，例如通过从单独的锅炉供应热水循环。 额定功率输入不超过25kW的浸入式加热器，作为中央供暖锅炉的替代热源，也在本标准的范围内。 不打算用于正常家庭使用但仍可能对公众构成危险的器具，例如打算由商店、轻工业和农场中的非专业人员使用的器具，也在本标准的范围内。 在可行的情况下，本标准处理了由所有人在家中及周围遇到的器具所呈现的常见危险。然而，一般来说，它不考虑以下情况： - 那些（包括儿童）由于身体、感官或智力能力；或缺乏经验和知识而无法在没有监督或指导的情况下安全使用器具的人； - 儿童玩耍器具。 注意到以下事实： - 对于打算用于车辆或船舶或飞机上的器具，可能需要额外的要求； - 在许多国家，国家卫生当局、负责劳动保护的国家当局、国家供水当局和类似当局规定了额外的要求。 本标准不适用于： - 专门用于工业目的的器具； - 打算用于特殊条件（如存在腐蚀性或爆炸性环境（粉尘、蒸汽或气体））的场所的器具； - 包含在器具中的加热元件，如： - 加热液体的器具（IEC 60335-2-15）； - 储水式热水器（IEC 60335-2-21）； - 即热式热水器（IEC 60335-2-35）； - 水族箱加热器（IEC 60335-2-55）； - 便携式浸入式加热器（IEC 60335-2-74）； - 发动机预热器，如用于汽车和公共汽车的预热器。 [外文原描述]： IEC 60335-2-73:2024 CMV contains both the official standard and its commented version. The commented version provides you with a quick and easy way to compare all the changes between IEC 60335-2-74:2024 edition 3.0 and the previous IEC 60335-2-3:2002+AMD1:2006+AMD2:2009 CSV edition 2.2. Furthermore, comments from IEC TC 61 experts are provided to explain the reasons of the most relevant changes, or to clarify any part of the content. IEC 60335-2-73:2024 deals with the safety of fixed electric immersion heaters for household and similar purposes that are intended for installation in a water tank open to the atmosphere for heating water to a temperature below its boiling point with a rated voltage of not more than 250 V for single-phase appliances and 480 V for other appliances including direct current (DC) supplied appliances. The water tank can have alternative means for heating water, such as the circulation of hot water supplied from a separate boiler. Immersion heaters having a rated power input up to 25 kW for incorporation as an alternative heating source in central heating boilers are also within the scope of this standard. Appliances not intended for normal household use but which nevertheless can be a source of danger to the public, such as appliances intended to be used by laypersons in shops, in light industry and on farms, are within the scope of this standard. As far as is practicable, this standard deals with the common hazards presented by appliances that are encountered by all persons in and around the home. However, in general, it does not take into account: - persons (including children) whose physical, sensory or mental capabilities; or lack of experience and knowledge prevents them from using the appliance safely without supervision or instruction; - children playing with the appliance. Attention is drawn to the fact that - for appliances intended to be used in vehicles or on board ships or aircraft, additional requirements can be necessary; - in many countries additional requirements are specified by the national health authorities, the national authorities responsible for the protection of labour, the national water supply authorities and similar authorities. This standard does not apply to appliances intended exclusively for industrial purposes; - appliances intended to be used in locations where special conditions prevail, such as the presence of a corrosive or explosive atmosphere (dust, vapour or gas); - heating elements incorporated in appliances such as appliances for heating liquids (IEC 60335-2-15), storage water heaters (IEC 60335-2-21) and instantaneous water heaters (IEC 60335-2-35); - aquarium heaters (IEC 60335-2-55); - portable immersion heaters (IEC 60335-2-74); - engine preheaters such as those for cars and buses. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2002, Amendment 1: 2006 and Amendment 2: 2009. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) the text has been aligned with IEC 60335-1:2020; b) some notes have been converted to normative text (Clause 1, 19.2); c) addition of external accessible surface temperatures (Clause 11); This part 2 is to be used in conjunction with the latest edition of IEC 60335-1:2020 and its amendments unless that edition precludes it; in that case, the latest edition that does not preclude it is used. It was established on the basis of the sixth edition (2020) of that standard.