激光产品的安全.第1部分:设备分类和要求

[中文适用范围]： IEC 60825-1 适用于发射波长范围 180 nm 至 1 mm 激光辐射的激光产品的安全。激光产品可能由带有或不带有单独电源的单个激光器组成，或者可能在复杂的光学、电气或机械系统中包含一个或多个激光器。通常，激光产品用于物理和光学现象的演示、材料加工、数据读取和存储、信息传输和显示等。此类系统已广泛应用于工业、商业、娱乐、研究、教育、医学和消费品。出售给其他制造商用作后续销售的任何系统组件的激光产品不受 IEC 60825-1 的约束，因为最终产品本身将受该标准的约束。然而，如果激光产品内的激光系统在从设备上拆下后仍可运行，则本第 1 部分的要求适用于可拆卸单元。如果任何激光产品的制造商根据第 3、8 和 9 条进行的分类显示发射水平在所有条件下均不超过 1 类的 AEL（可达发射限值），则该产品可免除本第 1 部分的所有进一步要求操作、维护、服务和故障。除了激光辐射造成的危害外，激光设备还可能引起火灾、触电等其他危害。本第 1 部分描述了最低要求。遵守本第 1 部分可能不足以达到所需的产品安全水平。激光产品必须符合适用产品安全标准的适用性能和测试要求。如果激光系统构成受另一 IEC 产品安全标准约束的设备的一部分（例如医疗设备 (IEC 60601-2-22)、IT 设备 (IEC 60950)、音频和视频设备 (IEC 60065)、在危险环境（IEC 60079）或电动玩具（IEC 62115））中使用时，本第 1 部分将根据 IEC 指南 104 2）的规定适用于激光辐射造成的危险。如果没有适用的产品安全标准，则适用 IEC 61010-1。在以前的版本中，LED 已包含在 IEC 60825-1 的范围内，并且它们可能仍包含在 IEC 60825 系列的其他部分中。然而，随着灯具安全标准的发展，LED的光辐射安全一般可以通过灯具安全标准更恰当地解决。将 LED 从第 1 部分的范围中删除并不排除其他标准在涉及激光时也将 LED 包括在内。 CIE S009 可用于确定 LED 或包含一个或多个 LED 的产品的风险组类别。本第 1 部分的 MPE（最大允许暴露）值是针对激光辐射制定的，不适用于附带辐射。然而，如果担心可触及的附带辐射可能存在危险，则可以应用激光 MPE 值来保守地评估这种潜在危险。 MPE 值不适用于出于医疗或美容/美容治疗目的而故意暴露于激光辐射的情况。 [外文原描述]： IEC 60825-1 is applicable to safety of laser products emitting laser radiation in the wavelength range 180 nm to 1 mm. A laser product may consist of a single laser with or without a separate power supply or may incorporate one or more lasers in a complex optical, electrical, or mechanical system. Typically, laser products are used for demonstration of physical and optical phenomena, materials processing, data reading and storage, transmission and display of information, etc. Such systems have found use in industry, business, entertainment, research, education, medicine and consumer products. Laser products that are sold to other manufacturers for use as components of any system for subsequent sale are not subject to IEC 60825-1, since the final product will itself be subject to this standard. However, if the laser system within the laser product is operable when removed from the equipment, the requirements of this Part 1 apply to the removable unit. Any laser product is exempt from all further requirements of this Part 1 if classification by the manufacturer of that product according to Clauses 3, 8 and 9 shows that the emission level does not exceed the AEL (accessible emission limit) of Class 1 under all conditions of operation, maintenance, service and failure. In addition to the hazards resulting from laser radiation, laser equipment may also give rise to other hazards such as fire and electric shock. This Part 1 describes the minimum requirements. Compliance with this Part 1 may not be sufficient to achieve the required level of product safety. Laser products must conform to the applicable performance and testing requirements of the applicable product safety standards. Where a laser system forms a part of equipment which is subject to another IEC product safety standard (e.g. for medical equipment (IEC 60601-2-22), IT equipment (IEC 60950), audio and video equipment (IEC 60065), equipment for use in hazardous atmospheres (IEC 60079), or electric toys (IEC 62115)), this Part 1 will apply in accordance with the provisions of IEC Guide 104 ) for hazards resulting from laser radiation. If no product safety standard is applicable, then IEC 61010-1 applies. In previous editions, LEDs were included in the scope of IEC 60825-1, and they may be still included in other parts of the IEC 60825 series. However, with the development of lamp safety standards, optical radiation safety of LEDs in general can be more appropriately addressed by lamp safety standards. The removal of LEDs from the scope of this Part 1 does not preclude other standards from including LEDs whenever they refer to lasers. CIE S009 may be applied to determine the risk group class of an LED or product incorporating one or more LEDs. The MPE (maximum permissible exposure) values of this Part 1 were developed for laser radiation and do not apply to collateral radiation. However, if a concern exists that accessible collateral radiation might be hazardous, the laser MPE values may be applied to conservatively evaluate this potential hazard. The MPE values are not applicable to intentional human exposure to laser radiation for the purpose of medical or cosmetic/aesthetic treatment. The objectives of this part of IEC 60825 are the following: - to introduce a system of classification of lasers and laser products according to their degree of optical radiation hazard in order to aid hazard evaluation and to aid the determination of user control measures; - to establish requirements for the manufacturer to supply information so that proper precautions can be adopted; - to ensure, through labels and instructions, adequate warning to individuals of hazards associated with accessible radiation from laser products; - to reduce the possibility of injury by minimizing unnecessary accessible radiation and to give improved control of the laser radiation hazards through protective features. This second edition of IEC 60825-1 cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1993, its Amendment 1 (1997) and its Amendment 2 (2001). It constitutes a technical revision. The user's guide has been removed from this part of the IEC 60825 series and is now a separate document (Part 14). Light emitting diodes (LEDs) have been removed from the scope of this part of IEC 60825, but may still be included in other parts. This part of IEC 60825 has the status of a Group Safety Publication, in accordance with IEC Guide 104, for aspects of laser radiation pertaining to human safety. The contents of the corrigendum of August 2008 and the interpretation sheet 1 of December 2009 have been included in this copy.