电磁兼容性(EMC).第4-5部分:试验和测量技术.电涌抗扰试验

[中文适用范围]： 范围和目标 IEC 61000 的这一部分涉及设备的抗扰度要求、测试方法和推荐测试级别范围，涉及开关和闪电瞬变过电压引起的单向浪涌。定义了与不同环境和安装条件相关的多个测试级别。这些要求是针对电气和电子设备制定并适用的。该标准的目的是建立一个通用参考，用于评估电气和电子设备遭受浪涌时的抗扰度。 IEC 61000 本部分中记录的测试方法描述了评估设备或系统对特定现象的抗扰度的一致方法。注：如 IEC 指南 107@ 中所述，这是供 IEC 产品委员会使用的基本 EMC 出版物。正如指南 107@ 中所述，IEC 产品委员会负责确定是否应用该抗扰度测试标准@，如果应用@，他们负责确定适当的测试级别和性能标准。 TC 77 及其小组委员会准备与产品委员会合作评估其产品的特定抗扰度测试级别的价值。该标准定义了： ?C 一系列测试级别； ?C测试设备； ?C 测试设置； ?C测试程序。所述实验室测试的任务是找出被测设备 (EUT) 在指定操作条件下对开关和雷电效应引起的浪涌电压的反应。它并不是为了测试 EUT 绝缘承受高压应力的能力。本标准不考虑雷电流的直接注入@即直接雷击@。 [外文原描述]： IEC 61000-4-5:2014 relates to the immunity requirements, test methods, and range of recommended test levels for equipment with regard to unidirectional surges caused by over-voltages from switching and lightning transients. Several test levels are defined which relate to different environment and installation conditions. These requirements are developed for and are applicable to electrical and electronic equipment. The object of this standard is to establish a common reference for evaluating the immunity of electrical and electronic equipment when subjected to surges. The test method documented describes a consistent method to assess the immunity of an equipment or system against a defined phenomenon. This standard defines a range of: - test levels; - test equipment; - test setups; and - test procedures. The task of the described laboratory test is to find the reaction of the equipment under test (EUT) under specified operational conditions to surge voltages caused by switching and lightning effects. It is not intended to test the capability of the EUT's insulation to withstand high-voltage stress. Direct injections of lightning currents, i.e. direct lightning strikes, are not considered in this standard. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2005, and constitutes a technical revision which includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: - a new Annex E on mathematical modelling of surge waveforms; - a new Annex F on measurement uncertainty; - a new Annex G on method of calibration of impulse measuring systems; and - a new Annex H on coupling/decoupling surges to lines rated above 200 A. Moreover while surge test for ports connected to outside telecommunication lines was addressed in 6.2 of the second edition (IEC 61000-4-5:2005), in this third edition (IEC 61000-4-5:2014) the normative Annex A is fully dedicated to this topic. In particular it gives the specifications of the 10/700 µs combined wave generator. Keywords: electromagnetic compatibility, EMC, TC77, SC77B