电声学 - 个人声暴露计

[中文适用范围]： IEC 61252:2025 规定了以下内容：个人声暴露计的性能规范；用于模式评估以验证符合所有强制性规范所需测试的详细信息；以及对个人声暴露计进行定期测试的程序。符合本文件要求的个人声暴露计，在麦克风从所有方向接收到声音时，具有规定的频率响应。本文件适用于那些设计为按制造商指定的配置佩戴在人身上的仪器，用于测量由稳定、间歇、波动、不规则或冲击声引起的声入射。为确保结果的可重复性，对声波响应的规范和测试应不包含操作者在声场中的情况。本文件中描述的模式评估测试和定期测试适用于制造商声称符合本文件所给规范的个人声暴露计。IEC 61252:2025 取代并替代了1993年首次发布的第一版、2000年第一号修正案和2017年第二号修正案。本版构成技术修订。与前一版相比，本版包括以下重大技术变更：a) 个人声暴露计必须提供时间平均声级和峰值声级的指示；b) 声暴露作为可选的指示量；c) 增加了对不遵循等能量交换率原则的物理量的规范；d) 增加了对方向响应的规范；e) 频率加权规范适用于相对扩散场频率响应；f) 符合性判定考虑了测量的不确定性；g) 增加了对模式评估测试和定期测试的详细要求。 [外文原描述]： IEC 61252:2025 specifies – performance specifications for personal sound exposure meters, – details of the tests necessary to verify conformance to all mandatory specifications for the purpose of pattern evaluation, and – procedures for periodic testing of a personal sound exposure meter. Personal sound exposure meters conforming to the requirements of this document have a specified frequency response for sound incident on the microphone from all directions. This document is applicable to instruments that are designed to be worn on a person in a configuration specified by the manufacturer for the measurement of sound immission resulting from steady, intermittent, fluctuating, irregular, or impulsive sounds. For reproducibility of results, specifications and tests for the response to sound waves apply without an operator present in the sound field. Pattern evaluation tests and periodic tests described in this this document apply to personal sound exposure meters for which the manufacturer claims conformance to the specifications given in this document. IEC 61252:2025 cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1993, Amendment 1:2000, and Amendment 2:2017. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) personal sound exposure meters are required to provide indications of time-averaged sound level and peak sound level; b) sound exposure is an optional quantity for indication; c) specifications for physical quantities that do not follow the principle of equal-energy exchange rate have been added; d) specifications for directional response have been added; e) specifications for frequency weightings apply to the relative diffuse-field frequency response; f) determination of conformance to specifications takes account of uncertainties of measurement; g) detailed requirements for pattern-evaluation tests and periodic testing have been added.