风力发电机组齿轮箱设计与评级要求

[中文适用范围]： IEC 61400-4:2025 适用于额定功率超过 500 kW 的水平轴风力涡轮机传动系统的封闭式增速齿轮箱。本文件适用于安装在陆上或海上的风力涡轮机的全新设计的齿轮箱。本文件中给出的技术要求不适用于维修或翻新的齿轮箱，也不适用于延长其使用寿命（超过设计寿命）。本文件提供了与齿轮和齿轮箱元件设计相关的风力涡轮机载荷分析的要求和指导。本文件涵盖的齿轮元件包括正齿轮、斜齿轮或双斜齿轮及其在主动力路径中以并联和行星齿轮布置的组合。本文件不适用于动力输出 (PTO) 齿轮。本文件包含带有滚动轴承、滑动轴承或两种轴承组合的齿轮箱的要求、设计建议和额定值。本文件由两份技术报告支持：IEC TR 61400-4-2 提供了有关风力涡轮机传动系统润滑的附加信息，IEC TR 61400-4-3 包含对本文件中规定的要求的解释性说明和支持信息。它以双标识标准的形式发布。第二版取消并取代了 2012 年发布的第一版。此版本与前一版相比包括以下重大技术变化： - 将范围扩展到 2 MW 参考功率以上的风力涡轮机； - 考虑融合齿轮、轴承和风力涡轮机标准中不同的可靠性方法； - 关于传动系统特定的风力涡轮机载荷的新条款； - 修订了关于验证和确认的条款； - 关于滑动轴承设计要求的新条款； - 修订和扩展了滚动轴承的设计考虑因素； - 修订了关于变速箱结构元件设计和分析中的考虑因素和要求的条款； - 更新了关于润滑剂和润滑系统的考虑因素和要求； - 删除了记录设计是否符合文件要求的要求，转而参考 IECRE OD-501-2。 [外文原描述]： IEC 61400-4:2025 is applicable to enclosed speed increasing gearboxes for horizontal axis wind turbine drivetrains with a power rating in excess of 500 kW. This document applies to newly designed gearboxes for wind turbines installed onshore or offshore. The technical requirements given in this document are not intended for repaired or refurbished gearboxes, or for the extension of the service life beyond the design life. This document provides requirements and guidance on the analysis of the wind turbine loads in relation to the design of the gear and gearbox elements. The gearing elements covered by this document include such gears as spur, helical or double helical and their combinations in parallel and epicyclic arrangements in the main power path. This document does not apply to power take off (PTO) gears. This document includes requirements, design recommendations, and rating of gearboxes with rolling bearings, plain bearings, or combinations of both bearing types. This document is supported by two Technical Reports: IEC TR 61400‑4‑2 provides additional information on lubrication of wind turbine drivetrains and IEC TR 61400‑4‑3 contains explanatory notes and supportive information to the requirements specified in this document. It is published as a double logo standard. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2012. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: - extension of the scope to wind turbines above 2 MW reference power; - considerations for converging differing approaches to reliability in gear, bearing and wind turbine standards; - new clause on wind turbine loads specific to drivetrains; - revised clause on verification and validation; - new clause on design requirements for plain bearings; - revised and expanded design considerations for rolling bearings; - revised clause on considerations and requirements in the design and analysis of gearbox structural elements; - updated considerations and requirements on lubricants and lubrication systems; - removal of requirements for documenting the compliance of a design with the requirements of the document in favour of reference to IECRE OD‑501‑2.