机械安全.电敏感防护设备.第3部分:对漫反射（AOPDDR）响应的有源光电防护装置的特殊要求

[中文适用范围]： IEC 61496 的这一部分规定了电敏防护设备 (ESPE) 的设计@构造和测试的附加要求，该设备专门用于检测人员或人员部位，作为安全相关系统的一部分@采用对漫射响应有源光电保护装置用于传感功能的反射（AOPDDR）。特别关注确保实现适当的安全相关性能的要求。 ESPE 可以包括可选的安全相关功能@，其要求在本文件的附录 A 和 IEC 61496-1:2012 的附录 A 中给出。本文件没有指定检测区域的尺寸或配置及其与任何特定应用的危险部件相关的配置，也没有指定任何机器的危险状态的构成。它仅限于 ESPE 的功能及其与机器的接口方式。 AOPDDR 是具有二维指定的一个或多个检测区域 (AOPDDR-2D)@ 或三维指定的一个或多个检测区域 (AOPDDR-3D) 的设备，其中近红外范围内的辐射是由发射元件发射。当发射的辐射撞击到物体（例如人或人的一部分）时，发射的辐射的一部分通过漫反射被反射到接收元件。该反射用于确定物体的位置。仅执行单个一维点状距离测量@例如@光学接近开关@的光电设备不包括在本文件中。本文件不涉及对检测到的对象进行复杂分类或区分所需的那些方面。本文件不涉及室外应用的要求和测试。本文件不包括使用波长峰值在 820 nm 至 950 nm@ 范围之外的辐射的 AOPDDR，以及使用除 AOPDDR 本身产生的辐射之外的辐射的 AOPDDR。对于采用此范围之外波长辐射的传感设备，本文件可用作指南。本文件与最小可检测物体尺寸在 30 毫米至 200 毫米范围内的 AOPDDR 相关。本文件可能与除人员保护以外的应用相关@例如@用于保护机器或产品免受机械损坏。在这些应用中，不同的要求可能是合适的，例如，当传感功能必须识别的材料具有与人及其衣服不同的特性时。本文件不涉及电磁兼容性 (EMC) 发射要求。 [外文原描述]： IEC 61496-3:2018 specifies additional requirements for the design, construction and testing of electro-sensitive protective equipment (ESPE) designed specifically to detect persons or parts of persons as part of a safety-related system, employing active opto-electronic protective devices responsive to diffuse reflection (AOPDDRs) for the sensing function. Special attention is directed to requirements which ensure that an appropriate safety-related performance is achieved. An ESPE can include optional safety-related functions, the requirements for which are given both in Annex A of this document and in Annex A of IEC 61496-1:2012. IEC 61496-3:2018 not specify the dimensions or configurations of the detection zone and its disposition in relation to hazardous parts for any particular application, nor what constitutes a hazardous state of any machine. It is restricted to the functioning of the ESPE and how it interfaces with the machine. AOPDDRs are devices that have either – one or more detection zone(s) specified in two dimensions (AOPDDR-2D), or – one or more detection zone(s) specified in three dimensions (AOPDDR-3D) wherein radiation in the near infrared range is emitted by an emitting element(s). When the emitted radiation impinges on an object (for example, a person or part of a person), a portion of the emitted radiation is reflected to a receiving element(s) by diffuse reflection. This reflection is used to determine the position of the object. Opto-electronic devices that perform only a single one-dimensional spot-like distance measurement, for example, optical proximity switches, are not covered by this document. IEC 61496-3:2018 does not address those aspects required for complex classification or differentiation of the object detected. IEC 61496-3:2018 does not address requirements and tests for outdoor application. Excluded from IEC 61496-3:2018 are AOPDDRs employing radiation with the peak of wavelength outside the range 820 nm to 950 nm, and those employing radiation other than that generated by the AOPDDR itself. For sensing devices that employ radiation of wavelengths outside this range, this document can be used as a guide. IEC 61496-3:2018 is relevant for AOPDDRs having a minimum detectable object size in the range from 30 mm to 200 mm. IEC 61496-3:2018 can be relevant to applications other than those for the protection of persons, for example, for the protection of machinery or products from mechanical damage. In those applications, different requirements can be appropiate, for example when the materials that have to be recognized by the sensing function have different properties from those of persons and their clothing. IEC 61496-3:2018 does not deal with electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) emission requirements. IEC 61496-3:2018 cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2008. This edition constitutes a technical revision. IEC 61496-3:2018 includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) extension of the scope from AOPDDR-2D to AOPDDR-3D; b) extension of the scope from Type 3 ESPE to Type 2 ESPE; c) implementation of requirements and test procedures for AOPDDR-3D and Type 2 ESPE; d) listing of reference boundary monitoring as an optional function of the ESPE; e) implementation of instructions for positioning of AOPDDR-3D in respect of parts of the human body; f) revised requirement for combinations of single faults with conditions for no failure to danger, see for example 4.2.2.4, last paragraph. IEC 61496-3:2018 is to be used in conjunction with IEC 61496-1:2012.