超声 聚焦传感器 定义及传送场的测量方法

[中文适用范围]： 该国际标准 - 提供了医疗超声应用中聚焦换能器的传输场特性的定义； - 将这些定义与聚焦换能器传输场的理论描述、设计和测量联系起来； - 给出了获得聚焦传感器定义特性的测量方法； - 指定适用于聚焦换能器的光束轴对准方法。本国际标准涉及在适合治疗和诊断应用的医疗超声（0.5 MHz 至 40 MHz）频率范围内工作的聚焦超声换能器。它展示了如何从设计的角度描述换能器传输场的特性，以及如何由不了解特定设备的构造细节的人进行测量。通过水听器在标准测试介质（例如水）或给定介质中测量特定激励的辐射超声场。该标准仅适用于场行为基本上类似于流体中的场行为（即剪切波和弹性各向异性的影响很小）的介质，包括软组织和模拟组织凝胶。还包括该领域影响其理论描述或在设计中重要的任何方面。这些定义可用于科学通信、系统设计以及使用这些设备的系统的性能和安全性描述。该标准尽可能合并了其他相关标准的定义，并提供了新的、更具体的术语，既用于定义聚焦特性，又为这些特性的测量提供基础。注：1 具体而言，IEC 61102 和 IEC 61157（参见第 2 条）。 [外文原描述]： This International Standard - provides definitions for the transmitted field characteristics of focusing transducers for applications in medical ultrasound; - relates these definitions to theoretical descriptions, design, and measurement of the transmitted fields of focusing transducers; - gives measurement methods for obtaining defined characteristics of focusing transducers; - specifies beam axis alignment methods appropriate for focusing transducers. This International Standard relates to focusing ultrasonic transducers operating in the frequency range appropriate to medical ultrasound (0,5 MHz to 40 MHz) for both therapeutic and diagnostic applications. It shows how the characteristics of the transmitted field of transducers may be described from the point of view of design, as well as measured by someone with no prior knowledge of the construction details of a particular device. The radiated ultrasound field for a specified excitation is measured by a hydrophone in either a standard test medium (for example, water) or in a given medium. The standard applies only to media where the field behaviour is essentially like that in a fluid (i.e. where the influence of shear waves and elastic anisotropy is small), including soft tissues and tissue-mimicking gels. Any aspects of the field that affect their theoretical description or are important in design are also included. These definitions would have use in scientific communications, system design and description of the performance and safety of systems using these devices.