交流电压大于1 kV的电力装置.第1部分:通用规则

[中文适用范围]： IEC 61936 的这一部分为标称电压高于 1 kV ac、标称频率高达（包括）60 Hz 的系统中的电力装置的设计和安装提供了通用规则，以便为预期用途提供安全性和正常功能。为了解释本标准，电力装置被认为是以下之一： a) 变电站，包括铁路供电变电站 b) 桅杆、杆和塔上的电气装置 位于封闭空间外部的开关设备和/或变压器电气操作区 c) 位于同一地点的一个（或多个）发电站 该装置包括发电机和变压器以及所有相关的开关设备和所有电气辅助系统。位于不同地点的发电站之间的连接被排除在外。 d) 工厂、工业厂房或其他工业、农业、商业或公共场所的电力系统电力装置包括以下设备： – 旋转电机； – 开关设备； – 变压器和电抗器； – 转换器； – 电缆； – 布线系统； – 电池； – 电容器； – 接地系统； – 属于封闭电力操作区域一部分的建筑物和围栏； – 相关保护、控制和辅助系统； – 大型空心电抗器。注：一般来说，设备项目的标准优先于本标准。本标准不适用于以下任何项目的设计和安装： – 单独装置之间的架空和地下线路； – 电气化铁路； – 采矿设备和装置； – 荧光灯装置； – 船舶上的装置和海上装置； – 静电设备（例如静电除尘器、喷漆装置）； – 测试场地； – 医疗设备，例如医用X射线设备。本标准不适用于存在单独 IEC 标准的工厂制造、型式试验开关设备的设计。本标准不适用于电气装置带电作业的要求。如果本标准中没有另外要求，则对于低压电气装置，适用标准系列 IEC 60364。 [外文原描述]： IEC 61936-1:2010 provides common rules for the design and the erection of electrical power installations in systems with nominal voltages above 1 kV a.c. and nominal frequency up to and including 60 Hz, so as to provide safety and proper functioning for the use intended. For the purpose of interpreting this standard, an electrical power installation is considered to be one of the following: a) Substation, including substation for railway power supply; b) Electrical installations on mast, pole and tower; Switchgear and/or transformers located outside a closed electrical operating area; c) One (or more) power station(s) located on a single site. The installation includes generators and transformers with all associated switchgear and all electrical auxiliary systems. Connections between generating stations located on different sites are excluded; d) The electrical system of a factory, industrial plant or other industrial, agricultural, commercial or public premises. The electrical power installation includes, among others, the following equipment: rotating electrical machines; switchgear; transformers and reactors; converters; cables; wiring systems; batteries; capacitors; earthing systems; buildings and fences which are part of a closed electrical operating area; associated protection, control and auxiliary systems; large air core reactor. NOTE: In general, a standard for an item of equipment takes precedence over this standard. This standard does not apply to the design and erection of any of the following: - overhead and underground lines between separate installations; - electric railways; - mining equipment and installations; - fluorescent lamp installations; - installations on ships and off-shore installations; - electrostatic equipment (e.g. electrostatic precipitators, spray-painting units); - test sites; - medical equipment, e.g. medical X-ray equipment. This standard does not apply to the design of factory-built, type-tested switchgear for which separate IEC standards exist. This standard does not apply to the requirements for carrying out live working on electrical installations. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition, published in 2002. It constitutes a technical revision. The main changes with respect to the previous edition are listed below: - new table of references for additional agreements between manufacturer/contractor/planer and user/orderer/owner (4.1.2); - addition of minimum clearances in air not standardized by IEC but based on current practice in some countries (Annex A); - deletion of nominal voltages (Table 1, Table 2, Clause 5); - addition of regulations for fuses (6.2.15); - simplification of regulations for escape routes (7.5.4); - deletion of special regulations for operating aisles (7.5.4); - modification of clearances for fire protection (Table 3); - modification of safety criteria for earthing systems (10.2.1); - modified curves of permissibly touch voltages (Figure 12, Annex B); - deletion of numbering of subclauses without headlines; - change of "should" to "shall" in many cases or change of subclauses with "should" to a note. The contents of the corrigendum of March 2011 have been included in this copy.