不间断电源系统(UPS).第3部分:规定性能的方法和试验要求

[中文适用范围]： 本国际标准适用于移动、固定和固定的电子不间断电源系统（UPS），这些系统提供单相或三相固定频率交流输出电压，不超过 1000 V 交流，并包含储能系统（通常通过直流链路连接）。本标准旨在规定完整 UPS 的性能和测试要求，而非单个 UPS 功能单元的要求。单个 UPS 功能单元在参考文献中提到的 IEC 出版物中处理，只要它们不与本标准相矛盾。本标准涵盖的 UPS 的主要功能是确保交流电源的连续性。UPS 还可以通过将电源保持在规定的特性范围内来改善电源质量。UPS 已开发出各种功率范围，从不到一百瓦到几兆瓦，以满足对各种负载的可用性和电源质量的要求。请参阅附录 A 和 B 了解典型 UPS 配置和拓扑的信息。本标准还涵盖当电源开关构成 UPS 的组成部分并与输出相关联时的 UPS 测试和性能。其中包括断路器、旁路开关、隔离开关和联络开关。这些开关与 UPS 的其他功能单元相互作用，以维持负载电源的连续性。本标准不涵盖：常规的交流输入和输出配电板或直流板及其相关开关（例如电池开关、整流器输出或逆变器输入开关）；由 IEC 62310-3 涵盖的独立静态转换系统；其中输出电压源自旋转电机的系统。注 1：本标准认识到，向信息技术（IT）设备供电的可用性代表了一个主要的 UPS 应用。因此，本标准规定的 UPS 输出特性也旨在确保与 IT 设备的要求兼容。这包括稳态和瞬态电压变化的要求，以及向 IT 设备的线性和非线性负载特性供电的要求（受制造商声明中声明的任何限制约束）。注 2：本标准规定的测试负载模拟线性和非线性负载特性。其使用是为了验证设计和性能（如制造商声明），并尽量减少测试期间的复杂性和能耗。注 3：本标准旨在适用于 50 Hz 和 60 Hz 应用，但不排除 IEC 60196 范围内的其他频率应用。这取决于制造商和购买方之间关于任何特定要求的协议。注 4：本标准涵盖的单相和三相电压 UPS 包括，但不限于，向单相两线、单相三线、两相三线、三相三线及三相四线负载供电的 UPS。 [外文原描述]： IEC 62040-3:2011 applies to movable, stationary and fixed electronic uninterruptible power systems (UPS) that deliver single or three phase fixed frequency a.c. output voltage not exceeding 1 000 V a.c. and that incorporate an energy storage system, generally connected through a d.c. link. This standard is intended to specify performance and test requirements of a complete UPS and not of individual UPS functional units. The individual UPS functional units are dealt with in IEC publications referred to in the bibliography that apply so far that they are not in contradiction with this standard. The primary function of the UPS covered by this standard is to ensure continuity of an a.c. power source. The UPS may also serve to improve the quality of the power source by keeping it within specified characteristics. UPS have been developed over a wide range of power, from less than hundred watts to several megawatts, to meet requirements for availability and quality of power to a variety of loads. Refer to Annexes A and B for information on typical UPS configurations and topologies. This standard also covers UPS test and performance when power switches form integral part of a UPS and are associated with its output. Included are interrupters, bypass switches, isolating switches, and tie switches. These switches interact with other functional units of the UPS to maintain continuity of load power. This standard does not cover: - conventional a.c. input and output distribution boards or d.c. boards and their associated switches (e.g. switches for batteries, rectifier output or inverter input); - stand-alone static transfer systems covered by IEC 62310-3; - systems wherein the output voltage is derived from a rotating machine. NOTE 1 This standard recognises that power availability to information technology (IT) equipment represents a major UPS application. The UPS output characteristics specified in this standard are therefore also aimed at ensuring compatibility with the requirements of IT equipment. This, subject any limitation stated in the manufacturer's declaration, includes requirements for steady state and transient voltage variation as well as for the supply of both linear and non-linear load characteristics of IT equipment. NOTE 2 Test loads specified in this standard simulate both linear and non-linear load characteristics. Their use is prescribed with the objective of verifying design and performance, as declared by the manufacturer, and also of minimising any complexity and energy consumption during the tests. NOTE 3 This standard is aimed at 50 Hz and 60 Hz applications but does not exclude other frequency applications within the domain of IEC 60196. This is subject to an agreement between manufacturer and purchase in respect to any particular requirements arising. NOTE 4 Single phase and three-phase voltage UPS covered by this standard include without limitation UPS supplying single-phase, two-wire; single-phase, three-wire; two-phase, three-wire, three-phase, three-wire and three-phase, four-wire loads. This second edition cancels and replaces first edition published in 1999 and constitutes a technical revision. The significant technical changes are: - reference test load - definition and application revised (3.3.5 and 6.1.1.3); - test schedule - presented as a single table grouped by revised type and routine tests (see 6.1.6, Table 3); - dynamic output voltage performance characteristics - guidance to measure - addition (Annex H); - UPS efficiency - requirements and methods of measure - addition (Annexes I and J); - functional availability - guidance for UPS reliability integrity level classification - addition (Annex K).