室内外使用的高压聚合物绝缘子 - 通用定义、试验方法和验收准则

[中文适用范围]： IEC 62217:2025 CMV 包含正式标准及其注释版。注释版为您提供了一种快速简便的方法，用于比较IEC 62217:2025 第3.0版与IEC 62217:2012 第2.0版之间的所有变更。此外，还提供了IEC TC 36专家的评论，以解释最重要的变更原因或澄清内容的任何部分。IEC 62217:2025适用于标称电压大于1 000 V（频率小于100 Hz）的交流系统以及标称电压大于1 500 V的直流系统所使用的绝缘子，其绝缘体由一种或多种有机材料组成。本文件涵盖的复合绝缘子既可用于高压架空线路，也可用于变电站，适用于户内和户外应用。它们包括实心和空心芯复合绝缘子以及树脂绝缘子。还包括陶瓷芯与聚合物外壳的混合绝缘子，而涂覆绝缘子（如RTV硅橡胶涂层）不在本标准范围内。本文件中描述的电气试验在交流电压下进行，并通常也适用于直流系统中的绝缘子。直流电压下的试验旨在反映最新的知识和经验。本文件仅规定了混合绝缘子的聚合物外壳材料。混合绝缘子芯材料及其外壳与芯之间的界面的试验未包含在内。本文件的目的是：- 定义用于聚合物绝缘子的通用术语；- 规定聚合物绝缘子设计试验的通用测试方法；- 如适用，规定验收或失效标准。这些测试、标准和建议旨在确保在正常运行和环境条件下具有满意的使用寿命。本文件包括用于拒绝在正常运行和环境条件下不适用的材料或设计的试验。本文件定义了测试方法和验收标准。适用的测试在相关产品标准中给出。第三版取消并取代了2012年发布的第二版。本版构成技术修订。与前一版相比，本版包含以下重大技术变更：a) 本文件的适用范围明确涵盖用于高压架空线路及变电站户内和户外应用的实心和空心芯复合绝缘子和树脂绝缘子；还包含陶瓷芯与聚合物外壳的混合绝缘子（定义于IEC TS 62896），而涂覆绝缘子（如室温硫化（RTV）硅橡胶涂层）不包括在本文件中；b) 将陡前沿冲击电压测试进行修改，以避免电极引线之间发生不必要的闪络；c) 规定了疏水性转移材料（HTM）与非HTM外壳材料之间的差异，并为带有HTM外壳的聚合物绝缘子引入了相关的测试方法和验收标准；d) 原有的核心材料（有或无外壳）的水分扩散测试被拆分为两个测试。一个是无外壳核心材料的测试，另一个是有外壳核心材料的测试。验收标准也进行了修改；e) 引入了核心材料的应力腐蚀测试；f) 附录B总结了用于评估端部配件、外壳材料和核心材料之间接口和连接质量的测试应用；g) 引入了附录E，以强调对交流系统中聚合物绝缘子电场控制的必要性。直流系统中聚合物绝缘子电场的控制仍在研究中。 [外文原描述]： IEC 62217:2025 CMV contains both the official standard and its commented version. The commented version provides you with a quick and easy way to compare all the changes between IEC 62217:2025 edition 3.0 and the previous IEC 62217:2012 edition 2.0. Furthermore, comments from IEC TC 36 experts are provided to explain the reasons of the most relevant changes, or to clarify any part of the content. IEC 62217:2025 is applicable to polymeric insulators for AC systems with a nominal voltage greater than 1 000 V (frequency less than 100 Hz) and DC systems with a nominal voltage greater than 1 500 V whose insulating body consists of one or various organic materials. Polymeric insulators covered by this document are intended for use both on HV overhead lines and in substations, in both indoor and outdoor applications. They include composite insulators with solid and hollow core and resin insulators. Hybrid insulators with ceramic core and polymeric housing are also included, while coated insulators (e.g. with RTV silicone rubber coatings) are not included in this standard. Electrical tests described in this document are done under AC voltage and are in general applicable to insulators to be used in DC systems too. Tests under DC voltage are intended to reflect up-to-date knowledge and experience. Only polymeric housing materials of hybrid insulators are specified in this document. Tests for core materials and the interfaces between housing and core of hybrid insulators are not included. The object of this document is - to define the common terms used for polymeric insulators; - to prescribe common test methods for design tests on polymeric insulators; - to prescribe acceptance or failure criteria, if applicable; These tests, criteria and recommendations are intended to ensure a satisfactory lifetime under normal operating and environmental conditions. This document includes design tests intended to reject materials or designs which are inadequate under normal operating and environmental conditions. This document defines test methods and acceptance criteria. The applicable tests are given in the relevant product standard. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2012. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) The scope of the document is specified to comprise composite insulators with solid and hollow core and resin insulators used for both AC and DC systems in indoor and outdoor applications of HV overhead lines and substations; hybrid insulators (defined in IEC TS 62896) with ceramic core and polymeric housing are also included, while coated insulators (e.g. with Room Temperature Vulcanized (RTV) silicone rubber coatings) are not considered in this document; b) Steep-front impulse voltage test is modified to avoid unwanted flashovers between the leads of the electrodes; c) Differences between hydrophobicity transfer material (HTM) and non-HTM housing materials are specified and relevant test methods and acceptance criteria for polymeric insulators with HTM housing are introduced; d) The previous water diffusion test on core materials with or without housing is split into two tests. One is on core materials without housing, the other is on core materials with housing. The acceptance criteria are modified; e) Stress corrosion test for core materials is introduced; f) Annex B summarizes the test application for evaluating the quality of interfaces and connections of end fittings, housing materials and core materials; g) Annex E is introduced to emphasize the need for control of electric fields of polymeric insulators for AC. The control of electric fields of polymeric insulators for DC is still under consideration.