辐射防护仪器 人员安全检查用X射线系统

[中文适用范围]： 本文件适用于设计用于将人员暴露于X射线的安全筛查系统。特别是，本文件适用于身体暴露于X射线主束的系统。通常将当前使用的系统分为三种类型：背散射系统、透射系统和背散射/透射组合系统。本文件范围内的系统示例包括背散射X射线扫描仪；透射X射线扫描仪；载人车辆扫描仪。 本文件的目的是从辐射防护的角度提供标准化要求和测试方法，以确保X射线人员筛查系统的安全运行。特别是，本文件规定了与被筛查人员、设备附近人员和操作员的辐射防护相关的要求。提供了标准方法来估计被筛查人员的有效剂量。这些程序中存在一些简化假设，限制了它们的准确性。然而，拥有简单的标准剂量估计方法是有价值的，例如用于监管用途。当需要高度准确的剂量估计时，应使用考虑X射线系统和被筛查人员特定特征的不同方法。 本文件不涉及图像质量或检测性能。 [外文原描述]： IEC 62463:2024 is applicable to security screening systems designed to expose persons to X‑rays. In particular, the document applies to systems where the body is exposed to the primary beam of X-rays. It is common to divide currently used systems into three types: backscatter systems, transmission systems and combination backscatter/transmission systems. The purpose of this document is to provide standardized requirements and test methods to ensure the safe operation of X-ray personnel screening systems, from a radiation protection point of view. In particular, the document specifies requirements related to the radiation protection of the persons being screened, persons who are in the vicinity of the equipment and the operators. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2010. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) title modified; b) the main dose quantity was updated from ambient dose equivalent (H*(10)) to the operational quantities recommended in ICRU Report 95:2020; c) the scope has been updated from X-ray systems for screening persons to X-ray systems that deliberately expose persons to X-rays for security purposes, which clarifies the ambiguity of whether d) occupied vehicle scanners are within scope; d) the scheme for classifying systems was changed from one based on whether the system is backscatter, transmission or a combination to a classification system based on the dose level and administrative controls; e) numerous electrical, environmental, electromagnetic, and mechanical safety requirements were updated.