标准摘要
[中文适用范围]： IEC 62508:2025 提供了在运行环境中，关于人员、团队和组织在执行工作中可靠性的当前知识和实践方面的指导。它是IEC标准系列的一部分，旨在解决设备和组织中技术要素与人为要素的可靠性问题。本文件描述了典型运行系统中的人为要素，以及这些要素对整体可靠性的重要性。同时，本文件还描述了如何评估这些要素的功能状态，并介绍了提高人类可靠性的一般概念。这些要素通常包括个体工作人员、他们所属的小组或团队、人与技术系统之间的接口，以及整体组织。以下指导适用于任何依赖人机交互的行业，这些交互涉及支持组织生产与安全目标所需的技术、软件或工作系统。本文件主要针对复杂的技术系统，但部分内容也适用于工业和消费品的制造。文中描述了人机界面设计（可用性）的原则，更多相关信息可在技术文献和相关产品标准中找到。虽然本文件未具体涉及工人的健康或安全，但应用本文件可能会引发相关问题，尤其是在与系统可靠性密切相关的工艺安全方面。本版取消并替代了2010年发布的首版，属于技术修订版。与前一版相比，本版包含了以下重大技术变更：a) 削减了前一版中以用户为中心设计的强调，更加重视现有运行环境中的人类可靠性。b) 减少了对人为错误和错误率确定方法的强调，更加重视为员工执行所需任务提供组织支持的手段。c) 在适当的情况下，将运行环境中的人因因素讨论与当前理论、术语和实践对齐。 [外文原描述]： IEC 62508: 2025 provides guidance on current knowledge and practice concerning dependability in an operational environment, in terms of the humans, teams and organizations involved in conducting the work. It is part of a suite of IEC standards that are intended to address the dependability of both the technical and human elements of equipment and organizations. This document describes the human elements of a typical operational system, and the importance of those elements to overall dependability. It also describes the means of assessing how well these elements are functioning, and general concepts on how the reliability of humans can be improved. These elements typically include the individual workers, the groups or teams into which they are organized, the interfaces between humans and technical systems, and the overall organization. The following guidance is applicable to any industry that depends on human-systems interactions involving the technology, software, or systems of work required to support the production and safety objectives of an organization. This document primarily addresses complex technical systems, but some parts are also applicable to the manufacturing of industrial and consumer products. Principles for design of the human-machine interface (usability) are described, and further information can be found in the technical literature and in relevant product standards. Although this document does not specifically cover worker health or safety, the application of this document can raise related issues, particularly in process safety, which is closely associated with system reliability. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2010. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) The emphasis on user-centred design in the previous edition was reduced in favour of a greater emphasis on human dependability in an existing operational environment. b) The emphasis on human error and error-rate determination methods was reduced in favour of a greater emphasis on means of providing organizational support for the workforce in their execution of required tasks. c) Where appropriate, discussions of human factors in an operational environment were aligned with current theory, terminology and practice.
英文名称Guidance on human aspects of dependability