流程工业报警系统的管理

[中文适用范围]： 本文件规定了基于控制系统和人机界面（HMI）的报警系统管理的一般原则和流程，适用于过程工业设施。它涵盖了通过控制系统呈现给操作员的所有报警，包括来自基本过程控制系统、报警器、成套系统和安全仪表系统的报警。 本文件中的实践适用于连续、批量和离散过程。根据工艺类型的具体需求，实施可能存在差异。 报警系统的主要功能是通知操作员异常工艺条件或设备故障，并支持响应。报警系统可以包括基本过程控制系统（BPCS）和安全仪表系统（SIS），它们都使用工艺条件的测量和逻辑来生成报警。图1说明了报警和响应数据流通过报警系统的概念。报警系统还包括通过HMI（通常是计算机屏幕或报警器）向操作员传达报警信息的机制。报警系统的其他功能包括报警和事件日志、报警历史记录以及报警系统性能指标的生成。外部系统可以使用报警系统的数据。 图1不旨在表示物理布线。 [外文原描述]： IEC 62682:2022 specifies general principles and processes for the management of alarm systems based on controls system and human-machine interfaces (HMI) for facilities in the process industries. It covers all alarms to be presented to the operator through the control system, which includes alarms from basic process control systems, annunciators, packaged systems, and safety instrumented systems. The practices in this document are applicable to continuous, batch, and discrete processes. There can be differences in implementation to meet the specific needs based on process type. The primary function within the alarm system is to notify operators of abnormal process conditions or equipment malfunctions and support the response. The alarm systems can include both the basic process control system (BPCS) and the safety instrumented system (SIS), each of which uses measurements of process conditions and logic to generate alarms. Figure 1 illustrates the concepts of alarm and response dataflow through the alarm system. The alarm system also includes a mechanism for communicating the alarm information to the operator via an HMI, usually a computer screen or an annunciator. Additional functions of the alarm system are an alarm and event log, an alarm historian, and the generation of performance metrics for the alarm system. There are external systems that can use the data from the alarm system.