电动汽车电池交换系统 - 第1部分：总体和指导

[中文适用范围]： IEC 62840-1:2025 概述了电池更换系统，用于在车辆动力传动系统关闭时以及电池更换系统连接到符合 IEC 60038 的标准电源电压的供电网络时更换电动道路车辆的电池，额定电压高达 1 000 V AC 和 1 500 V DC。本文件适用于配备一个或多个可更换电池系统 (SBS) 或手持式可更换电池系统 (HBS) 的电动汽车电池更换系统。本文件提供了互操作性的指导。本文件适用于 • 由现场存储系统（例如缓冲电池等）供电的电池更换系统， • 手动、机械辅助和自动系统， • 旨在为 SBS/HBS 供电的电池更换系统，其通信功能允许识别电池系统特性，以及 • 旨在安装在海拔 2 000 米以下的电池更换系统。本文件不适用于：• 与电池更换站 (BSS) 维护和服务相关的方面，• 无轨电车、轨道车辆和主要用于非道路用途的车辆，• 电动汽车的维护和保养，• ISO 10218 系列涵盖的机械设备的安全要求，• 为使用制造商特定的电压转换器单元和制造商特定的电池系统提供交流插座的锁定隔间系统，• 由其特定产品标准涵盖的电气设备和组件，• ISO 涵盖的任何电动汽车固定安装设备，以及• 连接到 BSS 时电动汽车车载设备的 EMC 要求。此第一版取消并取代了 2016 年发布的第一版 IEC TS 61280-1。此版本包括相对于 IEC TS 61280-1:2016 的以下重要技术变化：a) 扩大范围以包括手持式可更换电池系统 (HBS) 和互操作性指南； b) 增加了“手持式可更换电池系统”（HBS）的定义，并扩展了相关术语，例如“SBS/HBS 耦合器”、“SBS/HBS 充电器”等；c) 增加了基于供电网络特性、连接方式、接入和 BSS 类型的分类；d) 增加了对 HBS 的支持，详细说明了 A 型（SBS）和 B 型（HBS）电池更换站的不同组成和工作流程；e) 增加了功能互操作性、接口互操作性、数据互操作性、操作互操作性、与遗留系统的兼容性和可扩展性的要求；f) 增加了通信要求、防触电保护、配件具体要求、电缆组件要求、BSS 结构要求、过载和短路保护、EMC、紧急切换或断开、标记和说明；g) 扩展了附件内容，增加了带 HBS 的摩托车手动更换站解决方案并更新了用例。 [外文原描述]： IEC 62840-1:2025 gives the general overview for battery swap systems, for the purposes of swapping batteries of electric road vehicles when the vehicle powertrain is turned off and when the battery swap system is connected to the supply network at standard supply voltages according to IEC 60038 with a rated voltage up to 1 000 V AC and up to 1 500 V DC. This document is applicable for battery swap systems for EV equipped with one or more – swappable battery systems (SBS), or – handheld-swappable battery systems (HBS). This document provides guidance for interoperability. This document applies to • battery swap systems supplied from on-site storage systems (for example buffer batteries etc), • manual, mechanically assisted and automatic systems, • battery swap systems intended to supply SBS/HBS having communication allowing to identify the battery system characteristics, and • battery swap systems intended to be installed at an altitude of up to 2 000 m. This document is not applicable to • aspects related to maintenance and service of the battery swap station (BSS), • trolley buses, rail vehicles and vehicles designed primarily for use off-road, • maintenance and service of EVs, • safety requirements for mechanical equipment covered by the ISO 10218 series, • locking compartments systems providing AC socket-outlets for the use of manufacturer specific voltage converter units and manufacturer specific battery systems, • electrical devices and components, which are covered by their specific product standards, • any fix-installed equipment of EV, which is covered by ISO, and • EMC requirements for on-board equipment of EV while connected to the BSS. This first edition cancels and replaces the first edition of IEC TS 61280-1 published in 2016. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to IEC TS 61280-1:2016: a) expanded scope to include handheld-swappable battery systems (HBS) and guidance on interoperability; b) added definitions for "handheld-swappable battery system" (HBS) and expanded related terms such as "SBS/HBS coupler," "SBS/HBS charger," etc; c) added classifications based on supply network characteristics, connection method, access and type of BSS; d) added support for HBS, detailing the different compositions and workflows for type A (SBS) and type B (HBS) battery swap stations; e) added requirements for functional interoperability, interface interoperability, data interoperability, operational interoperability, compatibility with legacy systems, and scalability; f) added requirements for communication, protection against electric shock, specific requirements for accessories), cable assembly requirements, BSS constructional requirements, overload and short circuit protection, EMC, emergency switching or disconnect, marking and instructions; g) expanded annex content, adding solutions for manual swapping stations for motorcycles with HBS and updating use cases.