工业应用资产管理壳 第4部分：资产管理壳的应用

[中文适用范围]： 本最终草案国际标准（FDIS）为正式出版物的提前6周预发版本，将于2026年6月5日至2026年7月17日的投票期间供销售。购买此FDIS将自动额外获赠最终出版版本。IEC 63278-4:2026作为IEC 63278-1的补充，系统阐述了资产管理系统（AAS）的应用。 0.2 本文档的背景 当前工作拟涵盖以下主题的组成部分： - 资产管理系统结构（IEC 63278-1）； - 信息元模型（IEC 63278-2 [1]）； - 资产管理系统的安规要求（IEC 63278-3 [2]）； - AAS的应用（本文档）； - 接口（IEC 63278-5 [3]）。 IEC 63278-1与IEC 63278-4均聚焦于概念视图，而IEC 63278-2、IEC 63278-3和IEC 63278-5则聚焦于设计视图。实施视图与概念视图和设计视图有所区分，目前IEC 63278系列尚未涵盖实施视图。本文档始终从应用视角出发。 本文档参考了若干智能制造用例（见文献[4]），并对其进行了细化，同时亦考虑了其他输入内容。文中采用了IEC 63278-1中定义术语与概念，但并未引入IEC 63278-1中未涵盖的新概念。 注：IEC 63278-2引入了IEC 63278-1中未涉及的概念（如限定符、子模型的语义标识等），但此类概念不在IEC 63278-4的范围内。尽管如此，IEC 63278-4对IEC 63278-1中表述不够精确的要求、建议与权限进行了详细说明。这些要求、建议与权限并非针对AAS本身，而是针对AAS在相关实体背景下的应用。 0.3 本文档的结构 本文档第4章引入额外的人类或组织行为体，并通过阐述相关要求、建议与权限，描述这些行为体如何与AAS及其相关实体进行交互。该章还提供了若干示例，说明遵循前述要求、建议与权限，如何利用AAS进行建模与实施。这构成了对IEC 63278-1中AAS应用场景的补充。文中所描述的示例已就其考虑的详细程度而言力求完整。 第5章在第4章基础上，进一步列举了若干关于利用AAS进行建模与实施的示例。如何应用AAS所提供概念以达成自身目标，应由相关人类或组织自行决定。因此，这些示例既不声称完整，也不提供最佳实践指导；第5章亦未提出任何强制性要求。 0.4 目标读者与文档目的 本文档面向希望应用AAS所提供概念的人类或组织，内容涵盖AAS在相关实体背景下的应用方式，以及如何使用AAS表征资产。此外，本文档构建了有助于更深入理解AAS背景的框架，从而为IEC 63278系列的后续部分奠定基础。此亦包括旨在开发支持AAS的软件（无论是生成AAS还是使用AAS）的软件开发者。 [外文原描述]： This Final Draft International Standard is an up to 6 weeks' pre-release of the official publication. It is available for sale during its voting period: 2026-06-05 to 2026-07-17. By purchasing this FDIS now, you will automatically receive, in addition, the final publication. IEC 63278-4:2026 complements IEC 63278-1 by describing in a systematic way applications of the AAS. 0.2 Context of this document The current work foresees parts covering the following topics: – Asset Administration Shell structure (IEC 63278-1); – Information meta model (IEC 63278-2 [1] ); – Security provisions for Asset Administration Shells (IEC 63278-3 [2]); – Applications of AAS (this document); – Interfaces (IEC 63278-5 [3]). IEC 63278-1 and IEC 63278-4 both address a concept view, whereas IEC 63278-2, IEC 63278-3, and IEC 63278-5 address a design view. An implementation is distinguished from the concept and design. Currently the implementation view is not addressed by the IEC 63278 series. In this document, an application perspective is always taken. This document considers selected Smart Manufacturing use cases, see [4], and refines aspects of these use cases, but other input was also considered. However, the terms and concepts introduced in IEC 63278-1 are used. IEC 63278-4 does not introduce concepts which are not considered in IEC 63278-1. NOTE IEC 63278-2 introduces concepts which are not introduced in IEC 63278-1 (e.g., qualifier, semanticID of Submodels), but such concepts are not in the scope of IEC 63278-4. Nevertheless, IEC 63278-4 details and explains requirements, recommendations, and permissions that are not described precisely enough in IEC 63278-1. These requirements, recommendations, and permissions are not regarding the AAS itself, but the application of the AAS in the context of the related entities. 0.3 Structure of this document Clause 4 of this document introduces additional actors in form of humans or organizations and describes how these actors interact with the AAS and the related entities by stating requirements, recommendations, and permissions. Clause 4 also describes examples about possible modelling and procedures using the AAS following the statements. This completes IEC 63278-1 regarding an application of the AAS. The claim is that these descriptions are complete regarding the level of detail considered. Clause 5 describes – in addition to Clause 4 – selected examples about possible modelling and procedures using the AAS. It is the responsibility of a human or organization to determine how to apply the concepts provided by the AAS regarding their own objectives. In this respect, these examples neither claim to be complete nor to provide guidance about good practices. Clause 5 does not state any requirement. 0.4 Intended audience and purpose of the document This document addresses humans or organizations that want to use the concepts provided by the AAS. This concerns how the AAS can be used in the context of the related entities and how to represent assets using the AAS. Additionally, this document provides a framework to better understand the context of the AAS and thus lays a basis for further parts of the IEC 63278 series. This also concerns software developers, who want to provide software that supports AASs, be it to provide AASs or to use AASs.