基于可充电电动汽车电池的分布式储能系统管理 第1部分：用例和架构

[中文适用范围]： IEC 63382-1:2025系列标准规定了由可充电电动汽车电池（ECV-DESS）组成的分布式储能系统的管理方式，这些系统由聚合商/灵活性运营商（FO）进行管理，以向电网运营商提供灵活性服务。IEC 63382-1:2025描述了ECV-DESS的技术特性及其架构，包括：电动汽车充电站的配置（包含多个交流或直流电动汽车充电设备）；通过电动汽车充电设备连接至电网并由聚合商/FO管理的单个电动汽车。本文档的重点是FO与FCSBE之间的接口以及该接口上的数据交换，这些数据交换对于执行灵活性服务（FS）是必要的。FO与FCSBE之间的数据交换通常包括：灵活性服务请求及响应；灵活性服务参数；电动汽车充电站的配置及其技术能力；参与灵活性服务各方的资质检查；与FS执行相关的通知；事件日志、详细的服务记录和工作证明。资质交换的目的是识别、认证并授权参与灵活性服务交易的各方，检查灵活性服务合同的有效性，验证电动汽车（EV）+充电站（CS）系统的技术能力及是否符合相关技术标准以提供所需灵活性服务。 本文档还描述了ECV-DESS的技术要求、使用案例以及充电站运营商（CSO）与聚合商/FO之间的信息交换，包括技术和业务数据。其涵盖了许多与ECV-DESS运行相关的内容，包括：由于GDPR（通用数据保护条例）实施带来的隐私问题；网络安全问题；符合国家指南中的电网代码要求，包括辅助服务、强制性功能和有偿服务；与V2G操作相关的电网功能，包括新的服务，如快速频率响应；与充电会话相关的认证/授权/交易信息，包括漫游、定价和计量信息；能源传输与报告管理，包括与功率/能源交换、合同数据、计量数据相关的信息交换；需求响应，如智能充电（V1G）。本文档区分了强制性电网功能和市场驱动服务，考虑了嵌入DER智能逆变器固件（FW）控制中的功能。 本文档涵盖了ECV-DESS及其相关电动汽车充电站的使用案例、要求和架构。已识别并说明了一些灵活性服务（FS）的使用案例，包括：根据FO的动态设定点进行操作；根据本地测量的频率、电压和功率，自动执行FO提供的下垂曲线；由FO的价格信号触发的需求响应任务；快速频率响应。此外，还有一些更具体的灵活性服务使用案例，包括：用于三级控制和备用市场的V2G；动态价格与批发市场价格挂钩的V2H；由电动汽车的充电和放电引起的配电网拥塞。灵活性服务在灵活性服务合同（FSC）下执行，FSC可在以下各方之间签订：FO与电动汽车所有者（EVU或电动汽车车队管理者）；FO与充电服务提供商（CSP）；FO与充电站运营商（CSO）。任何灵活性服务均由聚合商/FO通过FCSBE接口向可用资源发出灵活性服务请求（FSR）来提出。在FSR的情况下，电动汽车所有者（EVU）、充电站运营商（CSO）、充电服务提供商（CSP）始终有权选择是否参与（opt-in）或拒绝（opt-out），除非出于安全或电网稳定性原因必须参与。一个使用案例展示了如何发现灵活性服务合同（FSC）持有者。本文档描述了许多使用案例，其中一些案例专门用于特殊应用，如电动汽车服务站、能源社区、快速频率响应、电动汽车车队、车载双向逆变器、移动应用程序等。 [外文原描述]： IEC 63382-1:2025 series specifies the management of distributed energy storage systems, composed of electrically chargeable vehicle batteries (ECV-DESS), which are handled by an aggregator/flexibility operator (FO) to provide energy flexibility services to grid operators. IEC 63382-1:2025 describes the technical characteristics and architectures of ECV-DESS, including: – EV charging stations configurations, comprising several AC-EVSEs and/or DC-EVSEs; – individual EVs connected to grid via an EVSE and managed by an aggregator/FO. The focus of this document is on the interface between the FO and the FCSBE and the data exchange at this interface, necessary to perform energy flexibility services (FS). The data exchange between FO and FCSBE typically includes: – flexibility service request and response; – flexibility services parameters; – EV charging station configuration and technical capabilities; – credentials check of parties involved in the flexibility service; – FS execution related notifications; – event log, detailed service record, proof of work. The exchange of credentials has the purpose to identify, authenticate and authorize the actors involved in the flexibility service transaction, to check the validity of a FS contract and to verify the technical capabilities of the system EV + CS, and conformity to applicable technical standards to provide the requested flexibility service. This document also describes the technical requirements of ECV-DESS, the use cases, the information exchange between the EV charging station operator (CSO) and the aggregator/FO, including both technical and business data. It covers many aspects associated to the operation of ECV-DESS, including: – privacy issues consequent to GDPR application (general data protection regulation); – cybersecurity issues; – grid code requirements, as set in national guidelines, to include ancillary services, mandatory functions and remunerated services; – grid functions associated to V2G operation, including new services, as fast frequency response; – authentication/authorization/transactions relative to charging sessions, including roaming, pricing and metering information; – management of energy transfers and reporting, including information interchange, related to power/energy exchange, contractual data, metering data; – demand response, as smart charging (V1G). It makes a distinction between mandatory grid functions and market driven services, taking into account the functions which are embedded in the FW control of DER smart inverters. This document deals with use cases, requirements and architectures of the ECV-DESSs with the associated EV charging stations. Some classes of energy flexibility services (FS) have been identified and illustrated in dedicated use cases: – following a dynamic setpoint from FO; – automatic execution of a droop curve provided by FO, according to local measurements of frequency, voltage and power; – demand response tasks, stimulated by price signals from FO; – fast frequency response. Furthermore, some other more specific flexibility service use cases include: – V2G for tertiary control with reserve market; – V2H with dynamic pricing linked to the wholesale market price; – distribution grid congestion by EV charging and discharging. FS are performed under flexibility service contracts (FSC) which can be stipulated between: – FO and EV owner (EVU or EV fleet manager); – FO and CSP; – FO and CSO. Any flexibility service is requested by the aggregator/FO with a flexibility service request (FSR) communicated through the FCSBE interface to the available resources. The actors EVU, CSO, CSP have always the right to choose opt-in or opt-out options in case of a FSR, unless it is mandatory for safety or grid stability reasons. A use case shows how to discover flexibility service contract (FSC) holders. This document describes many use cases, some of them are dedicated to special applications such as as: EV service station, energy community, fast frequency response, EV fleet, onboard bidirectional inverter, mobile app.