测量不确定度在电工行业合格评定活动中的应用

[中文适用范围]： 本文件提出了在电工技术领域内进行电气安全测试时测量不确定度的实际应用方法。特别适用于IECEE计划以及根据国家安全标准测试电气产品的实验室。它描述了测量不确定度原则的应用。 本文件提供了进行测量不确定度计算的指南，并给出了一些与产品符合性评估测试中测量不确定度计算相关的示例。 注：IEC标准化管理委员会(SMB)决定，像本指南这样的文件可以包含强制性要求，所有IEC委员会在开展指南范围内的技术工作时都必须遵守，以及可以选择性遵循的指导。本指南中的强制性要求通过使用“应”来标识。仅作为指导的声明通过使用动词“应”来标识。（参见ISO/IEC导则，IEC补充：2021，A.1.1。） [外文原描述]： IEC Guide 115:2023 presents a practical approach to the application of uncertainty of measurement to conformity assessment activities in the electrotechnical sector. It is specifically conceived for use in IECEE Schemes as well as by testing laboratories engaged in testing electrical products to national safety standards. It describes the application of uncertainty of measurement principles and provides guidance on making uncertainty of measurement calculations. It also gives some examples relating to uncertainty of measurement calculations for product conformity assessment testing. IEC Guide 115 has been prepared by the IECEE Committee of Testing Laboratories (CTL) to provide guidance on the practical application of the measurement uncertainty requirements of ISO/IEC 17025 to the electrical safety testing conducted within the IECEE CB Scheme. The IECEE CB Scheme is a multilateral, international agreement, among over 40 countries and some 60 national certification bodies, for the acceptance of test reports on electrical products tested to IEC standards.The aim of the CTL is, among other tasks, to define a common understanding of the test methodology with regard to the IEC standards as well as to ensure and continually improve the repeatability and reproducibility of test results among the member laboratories. The practical approach to measurement uncertainty outlined in this document has been adopted for use in the IECEE Schemes, and is also extensively used around the world by testing laboratories engaged in testing electrical products to national safety standards.