电磁兼容性(EMC).第2-14部分:环境.公共电力配置网络的过电压特性

[中文适用范围]： IEC 61000 的这一部分描述了关于超过正常电压的电磁环境，这些电压出现在以中低标称电压运行的供电网络上，并且可能会影响到连接到这些网络的设备，而不考虑进一步的影响（例如安装内的放大或衰减）。由于这些过电压有可能阻碍电气和电子设备的功能，因此它们属于 EMC 领域电磁干扰的定义范围。根据相对幅度、持续时间和能量含量描述了各种类别的过电压。本技术报告描述了过压现象，但没有指定兼容性级别，也没有直接指定发射和抗扰度级别。该报告描述了导致过电压的各种现象和过程，包括将源于或穿越其他网络和设施（包括高压网络和电力用户设施）的过电压转移到相关网络。概述了过电压对设备的影响。介绍了一些过电压事件的案例研究。提出了关于减轻设备因过电压影响而无法按预期运行的风险的一般技术方法的建议。 （IEC 出版物的职责不是将缓解措施的责任分配给任何相关方。）本报告的目的是确保这一重要类别的电磁骚扰包含在IEC 61000。为此，仅简要描述了各种过电压及其原因和影响。更详细的处理可以在 IEC 62066 中找到。UIE 出版物 – 工业装置供电质量指南，第六部分：瞬态和暂时过电压和电流 – 具有类似的内容。 IEC 61000-4-30 中规定了测量方法。注：本技术报告不包括过电压的详细测量结果，因此无法提供发生概率的评估。 [外文原描述]： IEC TR 61000-2-14:2006 Describes the electromagnetic environment with respect to the voltages in excess of normal that are found on electricity supply networks operating at low and medium nominal voltages and that can be impressed on equipment connected to those networks, without considering further effects (e.g. amplification or attenuation) within an installation. Since these overvoltages have the potential to hinder the functioning of electrical and electronic equipment, they fall within the definition of electromagnetic disturbance in the field of EMC. Various categories of overvoltage are described, based on relative magnitude, duration and energy content. This Technical Report describes the phenomena of overvoltages, it does not specify compatibility levels and does not directly specify emission and immunity levels. The report describes the various phenomena and processes that cause overvoltages, including the transfer into the networks concerned of overvoltages that originate in or traverse other networks and installations, including higher voltage networks and the installations of electricity users. The effects of overvoltages on equipment are outlined. Some case studies of overvoltage events are presented. Recommendations are made regarding the general technical approach to mitigating the risk of equipment being hindered from operating as intended by the effects of overvoltages. (It is not the function of IEC publications to assign responsibility for mitigating measures to any of the parties involved.) The purpose of this report is to ensure that this important category of electromagnetic disturbance is included in the description of the environment in Part 2 of IEC 61000. For that purpose, only a brief description is provided of the various overvoltages and their causes and effects. A much more detailed treatment can be found in IEC 62066. A UIE publication - Guide to quality of electrical supply for industrial installations, Part VI: Transient and temporary overvoltages and currents - has a similar content. Measurement methods are specified in IEC 61000-4-30.