电磁兼容性(EMC).第3-6部分:限值.变形装置对MV、HV和EHV动力系统的连接用排放限值的评估

[中文适用范围]： 本技术报告内容丰富，提供了原则指导，可用作确定畸变装置与中压、高压和超高压公共电力系统连接要求的基础（其他 IEC 文件中涵盖了低压装置） ）。就本报告而言，失真装置是指产生谐波和/或间谐波的装置（可能是负载或发电机）。主要目标是为系统运营商或所有者提供工程实践指导，这将有助于为所有互联客户提供足够的服务质量。在解决安装问题时，本文件无意取代排放限制的设备标准。该报告讨论了系统吸收干扰能力的分配。它没有解决如何减轻干扰，也没有解决如何增加系统的容量。由于本报告中概述的指南必然基于某些简化假设，因此无法保证这种方法始终为所有谐波情况提供最佳解决方案。就工程而言，在全部或部分应用给定的评估程序时，应灵活地使用推荐的方法和判断力。系统运营商或所有者负责指定扭曲装置与系统的连接要求。扭曲安装应理解为客户的完整安装（即包括扭曲和非扭曲部分）。与谐波相关的问题分为两个基本类别。 • 通过变流器和谐波源注入供电系统的谐波电流，在系统中产生谐波电压。谐波电流和由此产生的电压都可以被视为传导现象。 • 对通信系统产生干扰的谐波电流。由于电路之间的耦合增加以及通信电路在可听范围内的灵敏度更高，这种现象在高次谐波频率下更加明显。该报告为协调不同电压等级之间的谐波电压提供了指导，以满足使用时的兼容性水平。本报告中的建议不涉及通信电路中的谐波干扰现象（即仅涉及上述类别中的第一类）。这些干扰需要根据有关保护电信线路免受电力和电气化铁路线有害影响的国际指令、国际电信联盟、ITU-T 指令 [1]2 或当地适用的标准（例如 [ 2]、[3] 或 [4]。注：不同国家的不同电压等级之间的界限可能不同（参见 IEV 601-01-28 [32]）。本报告对系统电压使用以下术语： – 低电压（LV）是指 Un ≤ 1 kV； ——中压（MV）是指1 kV < Un ≤ 35 kV； ——高电压（HV）是指35 kV < Un ≤ 230 kV； – 特高压 (EHV) 是指 230 kV < Un。在本报告中，系统的功能比其标称电压更重要。例如，用于配电的HV系统可以被给予位于MV和HV系统之间的“规划级别”。 [外文原描述]： This Technical Report, which is informative in its nature, provides guidance on principles which can be used as the basis for determining the requirements for the connection of distorting installations to MV, HV and EHV public power systems (LV installations are covered in other IEC documents). For the purposes of this report, a distorting installation means an installation (which may be a load or a generator) that produces harmonics and/or interharmonics. The primary objective is to provide guidance to system operators or owners on engineering practices, which will facilitate the provision of adequate service quality for all connected customers. In addressing installations, this document is not intended to replace equipment standards for emission limits. The report addresses the allocation of the capacity of the system to absorb disturbances. It does not address how to mitigate disturbances, nor does it address how the capacity of the system can be increased. Since the guidelines outlined in this report are necessarily based on certain simplifying assumptions, there is no guarantee that this approach will always provide the optimum solution for all harmonic situations. The recommended approach should be used with flexibility and judgment as far as engineering is concerned, when applying the given assessment procedures in full or in part. The system operator or owner is responsible for specifying requirements for the connection of distorting installations to the system. The distorting installation is to be understood as the customer's complete installation (i.e. including distorting and non-distorting parts). Problems related to harmonics fall into two basic categories: / - Harmonic currents that are injected into the supply system by converters and harmonic sources, giving rise to harmonic voltages in the system. Both harmonic currents and resulting voltages can be considered as conducted phenomena. - Harmonic currents that induce interference into communication systems. This phenomenon is more pronounced at higher order harmonic frequencies because of increased coupling between the circuits and because of the higher sensitivity of the communication circuits in the audible range. This report gives guidance for the co-ordination of the harmonic voltages between different voltage levels in order to meet the compatibility levels at the point of utilisation. The recommendations in this report do not address harmonic interference phenomena in communication circuits (i.e. only the first of the above categories is addressed). This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1996 and constitutes a technical revision. This edition is significantly more streamlined than first edition, and it reflects the experiences gained in the application of the first edition. As part of this streamlining process, this second edition of IEC/TR 61000-3-6 does not address communications circuit interference. Clause 9 on this (section 10) was removed, as this did not suitably address emission limits for telephone interference. The scope has been adjusted to point out that IEC/TR 61000-3-6 does not address communications circuit interference. This edition has also been harmonised with IEC/TR 61000-3-7 and IEC/TR 61000-3-13. This Technical Report has the status of a basic EMC publication in accordance with IEC Guide 107.