光放大器.第4部分:包括拉曼放大器在内的光放大器无损伤和安全使用的最大允许光功率

[中文适用范围]： 本部分IEC 61292作为技术报告，适用于所有商业化的光放大器（OAs），包括使用有源光纤的光纤放大器（OFAs）以及拉曼放大器。使用半导体增益介质的半导体光放大器（SoAs）也包括在内。 本文件提供了关于可能导致光纤高温损伤的高光功率阈值的参考指南。通过引用现有标准和关于眼睛及皮肤安全的协议部分，讨论了光放大器制造商和用户的光学安全问题。 本文件确定了光放大器中无损伤和安全运行的最大允许光功率的以下值： a) 导致光纤热损伤的光功率限制，如光纤熔化和光纤涂层燃烧； b) 眼睛/皮肤可无后续伤害暴露的最大允许暴露（MPE）； c) 光纤中导致自由空间传播后眼睛/皮肤MPE的光功率限制； d) 通过比较a)和c)得出的光放大器无损伤和安全运行的绝对允许光功率水平。 本文件的目标是最小化行业中可能引起不必要警报并阻碍先进光放大器技术市场进展和接受的潜在混淆和误解。 由于相关技术快速发展，读者应始终参考最新的国际标准和协议。 本文件将通过整合与OAs和OA支持的光学系统相关的各种研究结果，定期及时进行审查和更新。 [外文原描述]： IEC TR 61292-4:2023 which is a Technical Report, applies to all commercially available optical amplifiers (OAs), including optical fibre amplifiers (OFAs) using active fibres as well as Raman amplifiers. Semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs) using semiconductor gain media are also included. This document provides informative guidelines on the threshold of high optical power that can cause high-temperature damage of the fibre. Also discussed is optical safety for manufacturers and users of optical amplifiers by quoting parts of existing standards and agreements on eye and skin safety. This document identifies the following values for maximum permissible optical power in the optical amplifier for damage-free and safe operation: - the optical power limit that causes thermal damage to the fibre, such as fibre fuse and fibre-coat burning; - the maximum permissible exposure (MPE) to which the eyes/skin can be exposed without consequent injury; - the optical power limit in the fibre that causes MPE on the eyes/skin after free-space propagation from the fibre; - the absolute allowable optical power level for damage-free and safe operation of the optical amplifier by comparing a) and c). The objective of this document is to minimize potential confusion and misunderstanding in the industry that can cause unnecessary alarms and hinder the progress and acceptance of advancing optical amplifier technologies in the market. It is important that the reader always refers to the latest international standards and agreements, because the technologies concerned are rapidly evolving. The present document will be frequently reviewed and updated in a timely manner by incorporating the results of various studies related to OAs and OA-supported optical systems. This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition published in 2014. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition. a) The technical information has been updated to reflect revisions of the relevant references. b) In particular, the descriptions provided in Clause 5 and Clause 6 have been modified significantly to reflect changes in the cited references. Unnecessary formulas and explanations that overlap with the references have been removed to simplify the document. c) New information has been added to Annex A on optical fibre burning when light enters an optical fibre with a bubble train formed by a fibre fuse.