辐射防护仪器.测量不确定度的测定

[中文适用范围]： This Technical Report gives guidelines for the application of the uncertainty analysis according to ISO/IEC Guide 98-3:2008 (GUM describing an analytical method for the uncertainty determination) and its Supplement 1:2008 (GUM S1 describing a Monte Carlo method for the uncertainty determination) for measurements covered by standards of IEC Subcommittee 45B. It does not include the uncertainty associated with the concept of the measuring quantity, e. g., the difference between H p (10) on the ISO water slab phantom and on the person. This Technical Report explains the principles of the ISO/IEC Guide 98-3:2008 (GUM), its Supplement 1:2008 (GUM S1) and the special considerations necessary for radiation protection at an example taken from individual dosimetry of external radiation. In the informative annexes, several examples are given for the application on instruments, for which SC 45B has developed standards. This Technical Report is supposed to assist the understanding of the ISO/IEC Guide 983:2008 (GUM), its Supplement 1: 2008 (GUM S1), and other papers on uncertainty analysis. It cannot replace these papers nor can it provide the background and justification of the arguments leading to the concept of the ISO/IEC Guide 98-3:2008 (GUM) and its Supplement 1:2008 (GUM S1). Finally, this Technical Report gives a very simple method to judge whether a measured result is significantly different from zero or not based on ISO 11929. For better readability the correct terms are not always used throughout this technical report. For example, instead of"random variables of a quantity"only the"quantity"itself is stated. [外文原描述]： IEC TR 62461:2015(E) gives guidelines for the application of the uncertainty analysis according to ISO/IEC Guide 98-3:2008 and its Supplement 1:2008 for measurements covered by standards in the field of radiation protection instrumentation. It does not include the uncertainty associated with the concept of the measuring quantity. This Technical Report explains the principles of the ISO/IEC Guide 98-3:2008 (GUM), its Supplement 1:2008 (GUM S1) and the special considerations necessary for radiation protection at an example taken from individual dosimetry of external radiation. This Technical Report is intended to assist the understanding of the ISO/IEC Guide 98-3:2008 (GUM), its Supplement 1: 2008 (GUM S1). The main changes with respect to the previous edition are as follows: - add to the analytical method for the determination of uncertainty the Monte Carlo method for the determination of uncertainty according to supplement 1 of the Guide to the Expression of uncertainty in measurement (GUM S1), and - add a very simple method to judge whether a measured result is significantly different from zero based on ISO 11929.