电子元件 - 可靠性 - 参考条件下的失效率

[中文适用范围]： IEC TR 63162:2025 是一项技术规范，为电气元件在参考条件下的失效率提供了数据，这些参考条件依据 IEC 61709 中的定义。参考条件具有实用价值，因为它们提供了一个已知的标准基准，从而可以根据环境差异对失效率进行调整。为了进行可靠性预测（如 IEC 61709:2017 附录 C 中所述），需要结合失效率以及相关的假设和限制条件。IEC 61709 本身并未提供组件的失效率，而是提供了一些模型，这些模型可用于将通过其他方法获得的失效率从一种运行条件转换到另一种运行条件。本文件根据 IEC 61709 中定义的参考条件，结合选定来源清单中包含的内容，提供了一般性的失效率数据。事实上，尽管模型各不相同，但在参考条件下的计算值差异并不明显，从而允许实现一致的收敛过程。另见 IEC 61709:2017，第 4.6 节。每位用户均可利用 IEC 61709 在任何条件下轻松计算失效率。 [外文原描述]： IEC TR 63162:2025, which is a Technical Specification, provides failure rates at reference conditions for electric components, considering reference conditions defined in IEC 61709. Reference conditions are useful since they provide a known standard basis from which failure rates can be modified to account for differences in environment from the environments taken as reference conditions. To perform reliability prediction, which is described in IEC 61709:2017, Annex C, failure rates, together with assumptions and limitations, are used. IEC 61709 does not provide failure rates for components, but only provides models that allow failure rates obtained by other means to be converted from one operating condition to another operating condition. This document provides generic failure rates considering those contained in the list of selected sources, calculated at reference conditions, as defined in IEC 61709. In fact, although models are different, calculated values at reference conditions do not appear to be so different, hence allowing a consistent converging process. See also IEC 61709:2017, 4.6. Each user can easily calculate failure rates at any condition using IEC 61709.