大容量电力系统中基于逆变器的资源的动态特性 第 3 部分：严重频率扰动期间基于逆变器的资源的快速频率响应和频率穿越

[中文适用范围]： 本部分为IEC 63401的技术报告，提供了关于大电力系统中基于逆变器的发电源（主要是风能和光伏）涉及的各种形式的快速频率响应和频率穿越技术的见解。 本文档首先重点从世界各地不同的参考文献中提取FFR的明确定义，同时研究FFR作用于系统频率的机制和FFR的独特特征。然后比较各种频率响应，并展示同步惯性响应、快速频率响应和一次频率响应之间的关系。确定了FFR适用的几种系统需求和条件。本文档还重点介绍了各种非同步资源的性能目标、实用性和能力，并讨论了在不同级别验证FFR能力的测试方法。最后，重点讨论了ROCOF问题和FFR的稳健性能。 [外文原描述]： IEC TR 63401-3:2023, which is a Technical Report, provides an insight into the various forms of fast frequency response and frequency ride-through techniques that involve inverter-based generation sources (mainly wind and PV) in a bulk electrical system. This document first focuses on extracting the clear definition of FFR from different references around the world, while studying the mechanism of FFR acting on system frequency and the unique features of FFR. It then compares various kinds of frequency response and demonstrates the relationship among synchronous inertia response, fast frequency response, and primary frequency response. Several system needs and conditions where FFR is suitable are identified. This document also focuses on the performance objectives, practicality and capabilities of various non-synchronous resources, and discusses the test methods for verifying FFR capability at different levels. Finally, it focuses on the ROCOF issues and on the robust performances of FFR. .