电磁兼容性(EMC).第5-8部分:安装和缓解指南.布式基础设施的HEMP保护方法

[中文适用范围]： 本部分国际电工委员会（IEC）61000 的目的是提供指导，说明如何保护分布式基础设施（电力、电信、交通和管道网络等）免受高海拔电磁脉冲（HEMP）的威胁。为了实现这一目标，有必要描述连接到分布式系统的电气/电子系统所面临的 HEMP 威胁的特殊方面。特别是，在 100 公里典型高度发生的核爆炸将照亮地球，从爆点正下方的点到 1100 公里的范围。这意味着任何分布式和连接的基础设施，如电力或电信，将在广大区域内同时观察到干扰。这种情况通常不被视为分布式网络一部分的设施 EMC 或 HEMP 保护的一部分，因为局部干扰的影响通常仅在当地进行评估。本出版物提供了关于所有类型分布式基础设施的干扰水平和保护方法的一般信息。由于其对所有其他基础设施部分的重要性，分布式电力系统（变电站、发电厂和控制中心）及其保护被更详细地描述。虽然电信系统对大多数其他分布式基础设施也至关重要，但电信网络免受 HEMP 和其他电磁威胁的保护由国际电信联盟（ITU-T）的工作涵盖。 [外文原描述]： IEC/TS 61000-5-8:2009(E) provides guidance on how to protect the distributed infrastructure (power, telecommunications, transportation and pipeline networks, etc.) from the threat of a high altitude electromagnetic pulse (HEMP). In order to accomplish this goal, it is necessary to describe the special aspects of the HEMP threat to electrical/electronic systems that are connected and distributed in nature. In particular a nuclear burst at a typical altitude of 100 km will illuminate the Earth to a ground radius from the point directly under the burst to a range of 1 100 km. This means that any distributed and connected infrastructure such as power or telecommunications will observe disturbances simultaneously over a wide area. This type of situation is not normally considered in the EMC or HEMP protection of facilities that are part of a distributed network as the impact of a local disturbance is usually evaluated only locally. IEC/TS 61000-5-8:2009 provides general information concerning the disturbance levels and protection methods for all types of distributed infrastructures. Due to its importance to all other parts of the infrastructure, the distributed electric power system (power substations, generation plants and control centres) and its protection are described in more detail. While the telecommunication system is also critical to most of the other distributed infrastructures, the protection of the telecommunication network from HEMP and other electromagnetic threats is covered by the work done by ITU-T. This technical specification forms Part 5-8 of IEC 61000. It has the status of a basic EMC publication in accordance with IEC Guide 107.