风能发电系统.第3-2部分:浮式海上风力涡轮机的设计要求

[中文适用范围]： 本文档规定了浮动式海上风力涡轮机（FOWT）场址外部条件评估的附加要求，并规定了确保FOWT工程完整性的基本设计要求。其目的是提供适当的保护水平，以抵御计划使用寿命期间所有危害造成的损坏。本文件侧重于FOWT结构部件的工程完整性，但也关注子系统，如控制和保护机制、内部电气系统和机械系统。如果浮动式基础承受流体动力荷载并由浮力和系泊系统支撑，则风力涡轮机被视为FOWT。FOWT包含五个主要子系统：转子 - 机舱组件（RNA）、塔架、浮动基础、系泊系统以及不属于RNA的船上机械设备和系统。本文档明确考虑的浮动基础类型包括：a) 船型结构和驳船；b) 半潜式平台；c) 立管浮筒（Spar）；d) 张力腿平台/浮筒（TLP/TLB）。除上述结构类型外，本文件一般涵盖旨在支撑风力涡轮机的其他浮动平台。这些其他结构的几何形状和结构形式变化很大，因此只能部分覆盖本文件的要求。在其他情况下，本文件中规定的特定要求可能不适于设计结构的全部或部分。在上述所有情况下，符合本文件的要求意味着设计必须基于其基础原则，并实现等于或优于其中隐含的安全水平。本文档适用于具有单个水平轴涡轮机的无人浮动结构。对于安装在单一浮动基础上的多涡轮机单元、垂直轴风力涡轮机或风能/波浪能联合系统，可能需要额外的考虑。本文档应配合第2条中提到的适当IEC和ISO标准使用。特别是，本文档旨在与IEC 61400-1和IEC 61400-3-1的要求完全一致。根据本文档设计的FOWT的安全水平应等于或高于IEC 61400-1和IEC 61400-3-1中固有的水平。 [外文原描述]： IEC TS 61400-3-2:2019 specifies additional requirements for assessment of the external conditions at a floating offshore wind turbine (FOWT) site and specifies essential design requirements to ensure the engineering integrity of FOWTs. Its purpose is to provide an appropriate level of protection against damage from all hazards during the planned lifetime. This document focuses on the engineering integrity of the structural components of a FOWT but is also concerned with subsystems such as control and protection mechanisms, internal electrical systems and mechanical systems. A wind turbine is considered as a FOWT if the floating substructure is subject to hydrodynamic loading and supported by buoyancy and a station-keeping system. A FOWT encompasses five principal subsystems: the RNA, the tower, the floating substructure, the station-keeping system and the on-board machinery, equipment and systems that are not part of the RNA. The following types of floating substructures are explicitly considered within the context of this document: a) ship-shaped structures and barges, b) semi-submersibles (Semi), c) spar buoys (Spar), d) tension-leg platforms/buoys (TLP / TLB). In addition to the structural types listed above, this document generally covers other floating platforms intended to support wind turbines. These other structures can have a great range of variability in geometry and structural forms and, therefore, can be only partly covered by the requirements of this document. In other cases, specific requirements stated in this document can be found not to apply to all or part of a structure under design. In all the above cases, conformity with this document will require that the design is based upon its underpinning principles and achieves a level of safety equivalent, or superior, to the level implicit in it. This document is applicable to unmanned floating structures with one single horizontal axis turbine. Additional considerations might be needed for multi-turbine units on a single floating substructure, vertical-axis wind turbines, or combined wind/wave energy systems. This document is to be used together with the appropriate IEC and ISO standards mentioned in Clause 2. In particular, this document is intended to be fully consistent with the requirements of IEC 61400-1 and IEC 61400-3-1. The safety level of the FOWT designed according to this document is to be at or exceed the level inherent in IEC 61400‑1 and IEC 61400-3-1.