机械安全.安全相关控制系统功能安全指南

[中文适用范围]： 在机械安全的背景下，行业标准IEC 62061以及ISO 13849-1为机器制造商提供了关于安全相关控制系统(SCS)或控制系统的安全相关部分(SRP/CS)的设计、开发和集成的要求，具体取决于所使用的技术（机械、气动、液压或电气技术）来执行安全功能。本文件不替代ISO 13849-1和IEC 62061。本文件为IEC 62061或ISO 13849-1的应用提供了额外的指导。本文件： - 基于ISO 12100的方法论，为特定的安全功能提供了指南并规定了额外的要求，这些安全功能在机械中是相关的，并尊重机械的典型边界条件； - 考虑了为高需求操作模式设计但很少操作的安全功能，称为很少激活的安全功能； - 为使用其他（非电子）技术（例如基于威布尔分布）计算故障率提供了额外的信息，因为IEC 62061和ISO 13849-1中定义的所有公式都是基于指数分布的。 因此，这些指南和额外要求的基础是： - 安全功能的典型分类； - 用于设计安全功能的典型架构的考虑； - 安全功能操作模式的考虑； - 考虑所用技术的子系统PFH公式的推导和评估。 本文件不涉及IEC 61508中的低需求操作模式。 本文件也不考虑IEC 61511中的保护层分析(LOPA)或基本过程控制系统(BPCS)作为风险降低措施。 本文件考虑了关于功能安全的机器生命周期阶段，以及SCS或SRP/CS。 [外文原描述]： IEC TS 63394:2023 In the context of the safety of machinery, the sector standard IEC 62061, along with ISO 13849 1, provides requirements to manufacturers of machines for the design, development and integration of safety-related control systems (SCS) or safety-related parts of control systems (SRP/CS), depending on technology used (mechanical, pneumatic, hydraulic or electrical technologies) to perform safety function(s). This document does not replace ISO 13849-1 and IEC 62061. This document gives additional guidance to the application of IEC 62061 or ISO 13849-1. This document: – gives guidelines and specifies additional requirements for specific safety functions based on the methodology of ISO 12100, which are relevant in machinery and respecting typical boundary conditions of machinery; – considers safety functions which are designed for high demand mode of operation yet are rarely operated, called rarely activated safety functions; – gives additional information for the calculation of failure rates using other (non-electronic) technologies based e.g. on Weibull distribution, because all the formula defined in IEC 62061 and ISO 13849-1 are based on exponential distribution. Therefore, the basis for these guidelines and additional requirements is – a typical classification of safety functions; – a consideration of typical architectures used for designing safety functions; – a consideration of modes of operation of safety functions; – the derivation and evaluation of PFH formulas for subsystems considering the used technology. This document does not address low demand mode of operation according to IEC 61508. This document does not take into account either layer of protection analysis (LOPA) or basic process control system (BPCS), according to IEC 61511 as a risk reduction measure. This document considers all lifecycle phases of the machine regarding functional safety, and SCS or SRP/CS.