用于交流和直流系统的高压聚合物绝缘子的人工污秽试验技术规范

[中文适用范围]： IEC TS 63414:2025适用于确定用于高压户外应用且暴露于污染环境中的聚合物外壳绝缘子的交流和直流污染闪络及耐受电压特性。本标准也适用于具有疏水涂层的绝缘子。本文件适用于额定电压大于1000 V的交流系统和额定电压大于1500 V的直流系统。本技术规范的目的是规定适用于架空线路（包括牵引线路）、站用绝缘子及设备空心绝缘子的聚合物绝缘子的人工污染试验的标准测试方法、要求和程序。目前，针对聚合物站用绝缘子和空心绝缘子（尤其是直流应用）的测试经验有限。所建议的测试方法不适用于没有聚合物外壳的陶瓷和玻璃绝缘子、涂有润滑剂的绝缘子或特殊类型的绝缘子（如具有半导体釉的绝缘子）。与没有聚合物外壳的陶瓷和玻璃绝缘子不同：- 带有聚合物外壳的绝缘子的污染性能受其表面疏水性条件的影响。标准化测试所模拟的具体条件可能无法代表实际的动态现场条件。- 在污染条件下确定闪络和/或耐受电压不足以用于设计。还应考虑与可能老化相关的其他约束条件。- 如果根据IEC TR 62039的疏水性转移材料（HTM）测试确认绝缘子为非HTM，则可以按照IEC 60507或IEC TS 61245进行测试。 [外文原描述]： IEC TS 63414:2025 is applicable for the determination of the AC and DC pollution flashover and withstand voltage characteristics of insulators with polymeric housing, to be used outdoors in HV applications and exposed to polluted environments. This is also applicable for insulators with hydrophobic coatings. This document refers to AC systems with a rated voltage greater than 1 000 V and DC systems with a rated voltage greater than 1 500 V. The object of this technical specification is to prescribe standardized test methods, requirements and procedures for artificial pollution tests applicable to polymeric insulators for overhead lines including traction lines, station post and hollow insulators of equipment. Available test experience with polymeric station post and hollow insulators, especially for DC applications, is limited. The proposed tests are not applicable to ceramic and glass insulators without polymeric housing, to greased insulators or to special types of insulators (e.g., insulators with semiconducting glaze). Differently to ceramic and glass insulators without polymeric housing: - The pollution performance of insulators with polymeric housing varies with the hydrophobicity condition of the surface. The specific conditions simulated by standardized tests might not represent the actual dynamic field conditions. - The determination of the flashover and/or withstand voltage under pollution conditions is not enough for dimensioning. Additional constraints related to possible ageing are also to be considered. - If the Hydrophobicity Transfer Material (HTM) test according to IEC TR 62039 confirms that an insulator is non-HTM, it can be tested according to IEC 60507 or IEC TS 61245.