环保设计中材料循环考虑的指南

[中文适用范围]： 本文件描述了在产品设计和开发中嵌入材料循环性原则的指导方法。包括通过提高耐久性和使零部件及材料在寿命结束时能够被重复使用或回收来延长产品寿命，以及在设计和生产中有效利用材料和闭合材料流动。 • 闭合材料流动包括使用回收内容和重复使用部件。 • 耐久性扩展包括提高可靠性和维护性、促进维修、提供更新和升级、翻新和重复使用等措施。 • 通过设计拆卸、材料可分离性、材料选择、材料可追溯性和部件耐久性等措施，可以提高材料的可回收性、部件的重复使用和再制造。 本文件基于IEC 62430:2019环境意识设计（ECD）流程要求，并补充了关于材料循环性和材料效率的具体指导。本文件仅涉及产品的材料循环性，不包括经济、社会和能源方面。适用于所有电气技术产品，包括商品和服务。 [外文原描述]： IEC TS 63428:2024 describes principles and provides guidance on how to embed material circularity aspects into the design and development of products. This includes making efficient use of materials and closing material flows in design and production, extending the lifetime of products through increased durability and enabling parts and materials to be reused or recycled at end-of-life. • Closing the material flows includes the use of recycled content and reused parts. • Durability extensions include such measures as to improve reliability and maintenance, enable and facilitate repair, provide updates and upgrades, refurbish and reuse. • Improvements in material recyclability, parts reuse, and remanufacturing are possible through measures such as design for disassembly, separability of materials, choice of materials, traceability of materials, and durability of parts. This document builds on the jointly published (ISO and IEC) document, IEC 62430:2019 for requirements for environmentally conscious design (ECD) processes, and it supplements ECD by adding more specific guidance on the aspects of material circularity and material efficiency. This document only deals with material circularity of products. Economic, social and energy aspects are excluded from the scope of this document. This document is applicable to all electrotechnical products including goods and services.