高压直流输电系统直流侧谐波与滤波

[中文适用范围]： 本文件（IEC TS 63529:2026，一份技术规范）旨在为高压直流（HVDC）项目的直流侧谐波设计提供信息参考与指导。其内容涵盖直流回路中与交流侧电流和电压相关的所有方面，以及与邻近系统之间的相互作用。HVDC 换流器中的开关动作会产生覆盖极宽频段的谐波，范围从基波频率延伸至无线电频段。 传统上，对直流侧谐波性能的要求仅局限于可能引发附近电话系统可听噪声的频段。通常，限值设定在第 50 次谐波，对应于 50 Hz 系统下的 2 500 Hz 或 60 Hz 系统下的 3 000 Hz；有时该范围会扩展至 5 000 Hz。上述频段恰好对应晶闸管电网换相换流器（LCC）所产生的特征谐波频谱。 随着高压直流电压源换流器（VSC）的应用，尽管这类换流器产生的直流侧谐波幅值通常较低，但其相关谐波频谱已延伸至更高频率。因此，本文件的适用范围涵盖至约 5 000 Hz 的频段；更高频率仅在必要时提及。本文件明确排除了适用于电力线载波（PLC）通信及无线电干扰频谱的更高频段。 [外文原描述]： IEC TS 63529:2026, which is a Technical Specification, is intended to inform and guide the harmonic design of the DC side of HVDC projects. It considers all aspects of AC current and voltage occurring on the DC circuit and also the interaction with adjacent systems. The switching action in HVDC converters results in a wide spectrum of harmonics. These range from the fundamental frequency to the radio frequency range. Traditionally the specification of DC side harmonic performance has been limited to the frequency range of interest for induced audible noise on nearby telephone systems. Often a limit of 50th harmonic has been applied, corresponding to 2 500 Hz or 3 000 Hz on 50 Hz and 60 Hz systems respectively. Occasionally the range has been extended to 5 000 Hz. This frequency range has corresponded to the spectrum of characteristic harmonic generation from thyristor line commutated converters (LCC). The introduction of HVDC voltage sourced converters (VSC) has meant that although the magnitude of DC side harmonic generation from these converters is generally lower, the generated spectrum of interest extends to higher frequencies. The scope of this document therefore covers the frequency range up to approximately 5 000 Hz. Higher frequencies are mentioned only when relevant. The scope excludes the much higher frequency ranges appropriate to PLC communication and the radio interference spectra.