感官分析 方法论 二 三元检验

[中文适用范围]： 1 适用范围 本文件规定了判定两产品样品之间是否存在可感知的感官差异或相似性的程序。该方法属于强制选择法，适用于单一感官属性或多个属性存在差异的情况。与ISO 4120中所述的三角形测试法相比，本方法的统计效能较低，但更易于评估人员操作。即使差异的具体性质未知（即无法确定差异的大小或方向，也无法判断导致差异的感官属性），该方法仍适用。但仅当产品具有相当的均质性时，方可应用。该方法适用于以下情形：a) 判定是否存在可感知的差异（差异测试用成对 duo-trio 法）；或 b) 判定是否存在有意义的可感知差异未出现（相似性测试用成对 duo-trio 法），例如在原料、加工工艺、包装、处理或储存等环节发生变化时；或用于评估员的选拔与培训等。 [外文原描述]： This document specifies a procedure for determining whether a perceptible sensory difference or similarity exists between samples of two products. The method is a forced-choice procedure. The method is applicable whether a difference exists in a single sensory attribute or in several attributes. The method is statistically less efficient than the triangle test (described in ISO 4120) but is easier to perform by the assessors. The method is applicable even when the nature of the difference is unknown (i.e. it determines neither the size nor the direction of difference between samples, nor is there any indication of the attribute(s) responsible for the difference). The method is applicable only if the products are fairly homogeneous. The method is effective for: determining that either: a perceptible difference results (duo-trio testing for difference); or a meaningful perceptible difference does not result (duo-trio testing for similarity) when, for example, a change is made in ingredients, processing, packaging, handling or storage; selecting, training and monitoring assessors. Two forms of the method are described: the constant-reference technique, used when one product is familiar to the assessors (e.g. a sample from regular production); the balanced-reference technique, used when one product is not more familiar than the other.