涡轮和涡轮机组.气载噪音的测量.工程/测量方法

[中文适用范围]： 本文件规定了在稳态运行条件下测量涡轮机或涡轮机组噪声排放的方法。 它规定了测量包围声源的测量表面上的声压级以及计算声源产生的声功率级的方法。 它给出了测试环境和仪器的要求，以及获得表面声压级的技术，从表面声压级计算声源的A计权声功率级和倍频程或三分之一倍频程声功率级。 这些方法可用于进行性能测试，即使测试的目的只是确定机器周围的声压级。 本文件适用于涡轮机和涡轮机组： ——用于发电厂和工业应用（例如固定式）； ——用于安装在船上、海上设施、公路和铁路车辆上。 它不适用于飞机应用中的燃气轮机。 本文件仅适用于位于地板上方以及由该地板界定的连续包络测量表面内的涡轮机组（涡轮机、从动设备和附属部件）的部分。 它适用于稳态操作，不包括启动和关闭等瞬态，此时噪声发射可能会在短时间内较高。 在这些条件下，本文件不适用。 [外文原描述]： ISO 10494:2018 specifies methods for measuring the noise emission of a turbine or turbine set under steady-state operating conditions. It specifies methods for measuring the sound pressure levels on a measurement surface enveloping a source, and for calculating the sound power level produced by the source. It gives requirements for the test environment and instrumentation, as well as techniques for obtaining the surface sound pressure level from which the A-weighted sound power level of the source and octave or one-third-octave band sound power levels are calculated. These methods can be used to conduct performance tests even if the purpose of the test is simply to determine the sound pressure level around the machine. ISO 10494:2018 is applicable to turbines and turbine sets: - for power plant and industrial applications (e.g. stationary); - for installation on board ships, or offshore installations, road and railway vehicles. ISO 10494:2018 does not apply to gas turbines in aircraft applications. ISO 10494:2018 is applicable to only the part of the turbine set (turbine, driven equipment and attached components) located above the floor and inside a continuous enveloping measurement surface bounded by this floor. ISO 10494:2018 is applicable to steady-state operation and excludes transients such as start-up and shut-down, when the noise emission can be higher for short times. Under these conditions, this document does not apply.