空间系统——概率风险评估（PRA

[中文适用范围]： 本文件支持和补充所定义的风险管理流程的实施。 本文件定义了进行定量风险评估的原则、流程、实施和要求，并解释了应用于安全的概率风险评估（PRA）的细节。 虽然 PRA 可应用于涉及成本和进度的项目风险管理，但这种应用超出了本文档的范围。 本文件提供了使用 PRA 技术评估空间计划和项目的安全或任务风险和成功的基本要求和程序。 本文件适用于所有涉及以下内容的国际空间项目： ——用于空间运输人员的航天器的设计； ——人类居住的空间和非地球行星站的设计； ——由核材料提供动力或运载核材料的航天和运载火箭的设计； ——主管部门或客户指示的其他项目。 这些类型的项目通常涉及可能导致公众、宇航员或飞行员或劳动力死亡或严重受伤，或关键或高价值设备和人员损失的场景、一系列事件或活动。 财产。 对于其他类型的项目，PRA 应由项目管理层酌情执行。 [外文原描述]： This document supports and complements the implementation of the risk management process defined in ISO 17666 in situations when the application of a quantitative risk assessment is deemed necessary. This document defines the principles, process, implementation and requirements for conducting a quantitative risk assessment and explains the details of probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) as applied to safety. While PRA can be applied to project risk management involving cost and schedule, this application is outside the scope of this document. This document provides the basic requirements and procedures for the use of PRA techniques to assess safety or mission risk and success in space programmes and projects. This document is applicable to all international space projects involving: — the design of space vehicles for the transportation of personnel in space; — the design of space and non-terrestrial planetary stations inhabited by human beings; — the design of space and launch vehicles powered by, or carrying, nuclear materials; — other projects as directed by the authorities or clients. These types of projects generally involve scenarios, chains of events or activities that could result in the death of, or serious injury to, members of the public, astronauts or pilots, or the workforce, or the loss of critical or high-value equipment and property. For other types of projects, it is intended that PRA be performed at the discretion of the project management.