土壤质量——矿物土壤材料中粒度分布的测定——筛分沉淀法

[中文适用范围]： 本文件规定了确定粒径分布的基本方法，适用于各种矿质土壤材料，包括有机土壤的矿物部分。 它还提供了处理引言中提到的不太常见土壤的程序。 本文件主要用于环境科学领域，其在岩土工程调查中的使用可能需要专业建议。 本文件的主要目标是确定足够的粒度分数，以便构建可靠的粒度分布曲线。 本文件不适用于土壤有机成分（即或多或少脆弱的、部分分解的动植物遗骸）粒度分布的测定。 还认识到，本文件中的化学预处理和机械处理阶段可能导致弱粘性颗粒的崩解，从现场检查来看，这些颗粒可能被视为初级颗粒，尽管这种初级颗粒可以更好地描述为聚集体。 如果这种崩解是不希望的，则本文件不用于确定此类弱粘性材料的粒度分布。 [外文原描述]： This document specifies a basic method of determining the particle size distribution applicable to a wide range of mineral soil materials, including the mineral fraction of organic soils. It also offers procedures to deal with the less common soils mentioned in the introduction. This document has been developed largely for use in the field of environmental science, and its use in geotechnical investigations is something for which professional advice might be required. A major objective of this document is the determination of enough size fractions to enable the construction of a reliable particle-size-distribution curve. This document does not apply to the determination of the particle size distribution of the organic components of soil, i.e. the more or less fragile, partially decomposed, remains of plants and animals. It is also realized that the chemical pre-treatments and mechanical handling stages in this document could cause disintegration of weakly cohesive particles that, from field inspection, might be regarded as primary particles, even though such primary particles could be better described as aggregates. If such disintegration is undesirable, then this document is not used for the determination of the particle size distribution of such weakly cohesive materials.