声学 路面对交通噪声影响的测量 第1部分:统计旁路法

[中文适用范围]： 本文件规定了一种比较不同道路交通组成的不同路面上的交通噪声的方法，以评估不同路面类型。 代表轻型或重型车辆在选定速度下的声级被分配给特定的路面。 该方法适用于匀速行驶的交通，即规定速度为 50 公里/小时及以上的自由流动条件。 对于交通不畅通的情况，例如在路口和交通拥堵的地方，该方法不适用。 比较路面噪声特性的标准方法为道路和环境当局提供了一种工具，用于建立有关使用满足某些噪声标准的路面的通用做法或限制。 然而，建议此类标准并不在 ISO 11819（所有部分）的范围内。 统计通过（SPB）方法适用于以下主要目的： ——根据路面对交通噪声的影响对路面进行分类（表面分类）； ——协助验证路面生产的一致性； ——评估整个运营过程中路面相对于新条件的声学性能； ——评估不同路面对现场交通噪声的影响，与条件和服务时间无关； ——评估路面相对于参考表面的声学性能。 由于实际限制，该方法不能应用于所有可能的位置。 然而，背板方法可以允许测试一些以前无法接受的位置。 第 5 章给出了 SPB 方法的一般描述。 [外文原描述]： This document specifies a method of comparing traffic noise on different road surfaces for various compositions of road traffic for the purpose of evaluating different road surface types. Sound levels representing either light or heavy vehicles at selected speeds are assigned to a certain road surface. The method is applicable to traffic travelling at constant speed, i.e. free-flowing conditions at posted speeds of 50 km/h and upwards. For conditions where traffic is not free flowing, such as at junctions and where the traffic is congested, the method is not applicable. A standard method for comparing the noise characteristics of road surfaces gives road and environment authorities a tool for establishing common practices or limits regarding the use of road surfaces meeting certain noise criteria. However, it is not within the scope of ISO 11819 ( all parts ) to suggest such criteria. The statistical pass-by (SPB) method is suitable for use for the following main purposes: — to classify road surfaces according to their influence on traffic noise (surface classification); — to assist in verifying conformity of production of road surfaces; — to evaluate acoustic performance of road surfaces throughout operation relative to new condition; — to evaluate the influence of different road surfaces on traffic noise at sites irrespective of condition and service time; — to evaluate acoustic performance of a road surface relative to a reference surface. Due to practical restrictions, the method cannot be applied at all possible locations. However, the backing board method can allow some locations to be tested that were not previously acceptable. Clause 5 gives a general description of the SPB method.