海水中阴极保护的基本原理

[中文适用范围]： 本文件涵盖了应用于海水、咸水和海泥中的阴极保护的一般原则。 它旨在作为介绍，提供理论方面和实际应用之间的联系，并为致力于海水中钢结构阴极保护的其他标准提供支持。 本文件规定了阴极保护所需的标准。 它提供了有关参比电极、设计注意事项以及防止阴极保护的二次效应的建议和信息。 以下标准涵盖了海水中阴极保护的实际应用： ——EN 12495，海上固定钢结构的阴极保护； ——EN 12496，用于海水和含盐泥浆阴极保护的原电池； ——EN 13173，钢制海上浮式结构的阴极保护； ——EN 16222，船体阴极保护； ——EN 12474，海底管道的阴极保护；运输系统 — 第 2 部分：海上管道。 用于钢筋混凝土的阴极保护，无论是暴露在海水还是大气中， [外文原描述]： ISO 12473 covers the general principles of cathodic protection when applied in seawater, brackish waters and marine mud. It is intended to be an introduction, to provide a link between the theoretical aspects and the practical applications, and to constitute a support to the other standards devoted to cathodic protection of steel structures in seawater. ISO 12473 specifies the criteria required for cathodic protection. It provides recommendations and information on reference electrodes, design considerations and prevention of the secondary effects of cathodic protection. The practical applications of cathodic protection in seawater are covered by the following standards: - EN 12495, Cathodic protection for fixed steel offshore structures ; - ISO 13174, Cathodic protection of harbour installations ( ISO 13174 ) ; - EN 12496, Galvanic anodes for cathodic protection in seawater and saline mud ; - EN 13173, Cathodic protection for steel offshore floating structures ; - EN 16222, Cathodic protection of ship hulls ; - EN 12474, Cathodic protection of submarine pipelines ; - ISO 15589‑2, Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries ? Cathodic protection of pipeline transportation systems ? Part 2: Offshore pipelines . For cathodic protection of steel reinforced concrete whether exposed to seawater or to the atmosphere, ISO 12696 applies.