道路车辆.移动空调系统使用的制冷系统(MAC).安全性要求

[中文适用范围]： 本国际标准仅限于为客运机动车辆中的乘客室、电池等提供冷却或加热的制冷剂系统。 它提供了制冷剂密封的最低设计要求和这些系统的安全要求。 本国际标准规定在车辆原始设备制造商 (OEM) 和售后市场 (非 OEM) 提供的组件和系统中仅使用 R-134a、R-1234yf 和 R-744 制冷剂。 与这些制冷剂系统相关的相关风险是： ——高压系统导致碎片或液体喷射； ——吸入有毒物质，包括潜在的分解产物； ——火焰传播。 因此，本国际标准将解决与制冷剂系统涉及的任何这些危险相关的组件和系统设计要求。 任何涉及供暖、通风和空调 (HVAC) 系统（加热器、鼓风机、空气混合和分配）的其他组件或与制冷剂系统无关的车辆任何其他组件的场景均不涵盖在本国际标准中。 本国际标准的目的是确保最终用户或维修技术人员在汽车的正常使用、维护和修理以及报废处置过程中不会面临危险。 因此，制冷剂的制造、储存和运输，以及装配厂中的制冷剂分配和加注机不包括在本标准中。 对于这些情况，合格人员的安全将通过行业常用的现有标准和相关法规来解决。 整个车辆生命周期都被考虑来解决耐久性问题。 对于 R-134a 系统，本国际标准适用于该文件发布一年后推出的任何新型号。 对于 R-1234yf 和 R-744 系统，本国际标准从这些制冷剂首次应用于任何车辆时开始适用。 [外文原描述]： ISO 13043:2011 is restricted to refrigerant systems providing cooling or heating of passenger compartment, battery, etc., in passenger motor vehicles. It provides minimum design requirements for refrigerant containment and safety requirements of these systems. ISO 13043:2011 addresses the use of only R‑134a, R‑1234yf and R‑744 refrigerants in vehicle original equipment manufacturer (OEM) and aftermarket (non-OEM) supplied components and systems. The relevant risks associated with these refrigerant systems are: projection of fragments or fluid due to high pressure systems; inhalation of toxic substances, including potential decomposition products; flame propagation. Consequently, ISO 13043:2011 will address the component and system design requirements related to any of these hazards where the refrigerant system is involved. Any scenario involving other components from the heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) system (heater, blower, air mixing and distribution) or any other component of the vehicle not related to the refrigerant system will not be covered in ISO 13043:2011. The purpose of ISO 13043:2011 is to ensure that end-users or service technicians are not exposed to hazards during normal usage, maintenance and repair, and end-of-life disposal of the car. Therefore, manufacturing, storage and transportation of the refrigerant, as well as refrigerant distribution and filling machines in the assembly plant will not be covered in ISO 13043:2011. For these situations, the safety of qualified personnel will be addressed by existing standards commonly used among the industry and relevant regulations. Entire vehicle lifetime has been considered to address durability issues. For the R‑134a system, ISO 13043:2011 applies to any new model type launched one year after the document is published. For the R‑1234yf and R‑744 systems, ISO 13043:2011 applies from first application of these refrigerants to any vehicle.