土壤质量——使用手持或便携式仪器通过能量色散X射线荧光光谱法筛选土壤中的选定元素

[中文适用范围]： 本文件规定了使用手持或便携式能量色散X射线荧光光谱仪（ED-XRF）对土壤中选定元素进行筛选的程序。它涵盖了应用这种筛选方法获得定性或半定量数据，以协助制定采样策略，用于采用实验室分析化学方法进行详细的土壤质量评估。注1：筛选方法通常提供指示浓度值的定性或半定量浓度值，尽管在特定或有限条件下偶尔也能给出定量结果。注2：对土壤样品预处理投入的精力越大，预期可获得的分析结果越好（参见参考文献[19]）。本文件未明确指定其适用的元素，因为适用性取决于仪器的性能和筛选的目标。可测定的元素受所用仪器性能、土壤中特定元素的浓度以及调查所关注的最低浓度要求（如指导值）的限制。注3：As、Cd、Co、Cr、Cu、Hg、Mo、Ni、Pb、Sb、Sn、V和Zn的XRF测量已按附录A所述进行了验证。注4：附录B提供了手持式ED-XRF光谱仪和便携式ED-XRF光谱仪进行筛选可能有用的示例。本文件不提供如何使用设备获取用于详细场地评估的定量数据的指南。本文件不包括如何综合多次测定的结果以满足ED-XRF测定目标的内容。 [外文原描述]： This document specifies the procedure for screening soils for selected elements using handheld or portable equipment for energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (ED-XRF). It covers the application of this screening method to obtain qualitative or semi-quantitative data to assist decisions on a sampling strategy for detailed assessment of soil quality employing laboratory analytical chemical methods. NOTE 1 Screening methods generally provide qualitative or semi-quantitative concentration values that are indicative of concentration values, although occasionally they can give quantitative results under specific or limited conditions. NOTE 2 The greater the effort applied to the pretreatment of soil samples, the better the analytical results that can be expected (see e.g. Reference [19] ). This document does not explicitly specify elements for which it is applicable, since the applicability depends on the performance of the apparatus and the objective of the screening. The elements which can be determined are limited by the performance of the instrument used, the concentrations of particular elements present in the soil, and the requirements of the investigation in terms of the minimum concentrations of concern (e.g. guideline value). NOTE 3 The XRF measurements of As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Sn, V and Zn were validated as described in Annex A . NOTE 4 Annex B provides examples of when screening with a handheld ED-XRF spectrometer and a portable ED-XRF spectrometer can be useful. This document does not provide guidance on how to use the equipment to provide quantitative data for use in detailed site assessments. This document does not cover how the results of multiple determinations are synthesized to address the objectives of an ED-XRF determination.