标准摘要
[中文适用范围]: ISO 13383 的这一部分描述了使用抛光和蚀刻试件的显微照片测定精细陶瓷(高级陶瓷、先进技术陶瓷)晶粒尺寸的手动测量方法。 本部分中描述的方法不会产生真正的平均粒径,但会产生稍小的参数,具体取决于用于分析二维截面的方法。 与真实晶粒尺寸的关系取决于晶粒形状和微观结构各向异性程度。 本部分包含两种主要方法,A 和 B。 方法 A 是平均线性截距技术。 方法A1适用于单相陶瓷,以及具有主晶相和小于约5体积%的玻璃态晶界相的陶瓷,对于截距计数就足够了。 方法A2适用于具有超过约5%体积的孔或次生相的陶瓷,或者具有多于一种主要结晶相的陶瓷,其中测量各个截距长度,其可以任选地用于产生尺寸分布。 后一种方法允许区分孔或相,并分别计算每个孔或相的平均线性截距尺寸。 注:确定第二相体积分数的方法可参见 ISO 13383:2;这将提供一种方法来确定是否应在边界情况下应用方法 A1 或方法 A2。 方法B是平均当量圆直径法,适用于任何类型的有或没有第二相的陶瓷。 该方法还可用于确定晶粒纵横比和尺寸分布。 ISO 13383 这部分的一些用户可能希望对显微照片或直接捕获的微观结构图像应用自动或半自动图像分析。 如果所采用的技术模拟手动方法,则本部分允许这样做(参见条款 4 和 8.4)。 [外文原描述]: ISO 13383-1:2012 describes manual methods of making measurements for the determination of grain size of fine ceramics (advanced ceramics, advanced technical ceramics) using photomicrographs of polished and etched test pieces. The methods described in ISO 13383-1:2012 do not yield the true mean grain diameter, but a somewhat smaller parameter depending on the method applied to analyse a two-dimensional section. The relationship to true grain dimensions depends on the grain shape and the degree of microstructural anisotropy. ISO 13383-1:2012 contains two principal methods, A and B. Method A is the mean linear intercept technique. Method A1 applies to single-phase ceramics, and to ceramics with a principal crystalline phase and a glassy grain-boundary phase of less than about 5 % by volume for which intercept counting suffices. Method A2 applies to ceramics with more than about 5 % by volume of pores or secondary phases, or ceramics with more than one major crystalline phase where individual intercept lengths are measured, which can optionally be used to create a size distribution. This latter method allows the pores or phases to be distinguished and the mean linear intercept size for each to be calculated separately. Method B is the mean equivalent circle diameter method, which applies to any type of ceramic with or without a secondary phase. This method may also be employed for determining grain aspect ratio and a size distribution.
英文名称Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics, advanced technical ceramics) — Microstructural characterization — Part 1: Determination of grain size and size distribution