凝胶渗透色谱法（GPC）第3部分:水作为洗脱剂

[中文适用范围]： 本文件规定了使用凝胶渗透色谱（GPC）测定水溶性聚合物的摩尔质量分布以及数均摩尔质量Mn和重均摩尔质量Mw的方法。 此方法适用于中性聚合物和聚阴离子（例如聚羧酸盐、多糖类物质、完全水解的聚乙烯醇和高分子量的聚环氧乙烷）。 不适用于聚阳离子（例如聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚乙烯吡啶、聚二甲基二烯丙基胺的盐、壳多糖）。 尽管样品在流动相中有良好的溶解性和色谱图有良好的重复性，但由于样品/洗脱液/柱系统中的特定相互作用（如吸附），某些类型的聚合物可能无法使用此方法（参见第12章）。 本文件规定的条件不适用于GPC分析中摩尔质量大于10^6 g/mol的聚合物或洗脱极限超出校准范围的聚合物。 本文件未包含修正方法（例如消除峰展宽的方法）。如果需要绝对摩尔质量值，可以使用膜渗透压法（Mn）或光散射法（Mw）等绝对方法。 [外文原描述]： This document specifies the determination of the molar-mass distribution and the average molar mass values M n (number average) and M w (weight average) of polymers that are soluble in water by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). NOTE Also known as size exclusion chromatography (SEC). This method is applicable to neutral polymers and polyanions (e.g. polycarboxylates, polysaccharides, fully hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohols and high-molecular polyethylene oxides). It is not applicable to polycations [e.g. polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinylpyridine, salts of poly(diallyl‑N,N‑dimethyl‑azacyclopentane), chitosan]. Despite good solubility in the mobile phase and even though the chromatograms obtained show good repeatability, it is possible that this method cannot be used with certain polymer types because of specific interactions (e.g. adsorption) within the sample/eluent/column system (see also Clause 12). The conditions specified in this document are not applicable to the GPC analysis of polymer samples with M w values greater than 10 6 g/mol and/or polymers with elution limits outside the calibration range (see 7.6 and Annex C). This document includes no correction methods (e.g. for the elimination of peak broadening). If absolute molar mass values are required, an absolute method (e.g. membrane osmometry for M n or light scattering for M w ) can be used.