环境管理体系. 在设计开发中融入物质流通的指南

[中文适用范围]： 本文件提供了指导方针，帮助组织使用环境管理体系（EMS）框架以系统的方式建立、记录、实施、维护和持续改进其设计和开发中的材料循环。 这些指南旨在供那些根据 ISO 14001 实施 EMS 的组织使用。 这些指南还可以帮助在使用其他管理系统时将材料循环策略整合到设计和开发中。 该指南适用于任何组织，无论其规模或活动如何。 本文件提供了材料循环设计策略的指南，以实现组织的材料效率目标，重点关注以下几个方面： ——产品中材料的类型和数量； ——产品寿命延长； ——产品、零件和材料的回收。 在设计和开发时，考虑了许多方面，例如安全性、能源效率、性能和成本。 尽管它们很重要，但本文档中并未提及它们。 [外文原描述]： This document gives guidelines for assisting organizations in establishing, documenting, implementing, maintaining and continually improving material circulation in their design and development in a systematic manner, using an environmental management system (EMS) framework. These guidelines are intended to be used by those organizations that implement an EMS in accordance with ISO 14001. The guidelines can also help in integrating material circulation strategies in design and development when using other management systems. The guidelines can be applied to any organization regardless of its size or activity. This document provides guidelines for design strategies on material circulation to achieve the material efficiency objectives of an organization, by focusing on the following aspects: — type and quantity of materials in products; — product lifetime extension; — recovery of products, parts and materials. In design and development, many aspects are considered, such as safety, energy efficiency, performance and cost. Although important, they are not addressed in this document.