放射防护 外部辐射剂量测定服务定期评估的标准和性能限值

[中文适用范围]： 本文件规定了剂量测定和组织标准以及测试程序，用于定期验证为个人和/或区域（即工作场所和/或环境）提供剂量测定服务的剂量计的性能，这些剂量测定服务用于个人和/或区域（即工作场所和/或环境）监测。 注：剂量测定服务供应商的质量取决于经批准（型式试验）的剂量测定系统的特性和工作人员的培训和经验，以及校准程序和质量保证计划。 剂量测定服务机构可按照本文件进行性能评估，以证明其满足规定的性能要求。 本文件中使用的辐照质量代表预期的暴露情况，或者模拟使用该服务机构的剂量计监测的放射活动的工作场所场。本文件适用于评估通量加权平均能量在 8 keV 和 10 MeV 之间的外部光子辐射、通量加权平均能量在 60 keV 和 1.2 MeV 之间的β辐射以及通量加权平均能量在 25.3 meV 之间的中子辐射（即具有麦克斯韦能量分布的热中子，kT = 25.3 meV 和 200 MeV）。它涵盖了需要实验室处理的所有类型的个人和区域剂量计（例如热释光、光激发发光、放射性光致发光、径迹探测器或照相胶片剂量计），并涉及连续测量或以固定时间间隔（例如几周、一个月）定期重复的测量。用于剂量测量的主动直接读数以及半被动或混合剂量计，例如直接离子存储 (DIS) 或硅光电倍增管 (SiPM) 剂量计，也可以根据本文件进行处理。然后，将它们作为被动设备进行处理，即剂量测定服务读取它们的指示值并报告给评估机构。在本文件中，校正指示值（校正指示）是剂量测定系统作为评估算法的最终结果（例如软件显示、打印输出）给出的，以剂量当量（Sv）为单位。环境剂量计通常指示数量 H*(10)，但它们可以另外或替代地指示数量 H'(3)、H'(0,07)、空气比释动能 Ka 或吸收剂量 D。所有这些剂量计也可以根据本文件进行处理。如果指示 Ka 或 D（以 Gy 为单位），则本文件中以 Sv 为单位的剂量值应解释为以 Gy 为单位的等效值。 [外文原描述]： This document specifies the dosimetric and organizational criteria and the test procedures to be used for the periodic verification of the performance of dosimetry services supplying personal and/or area, i.e. workplace and/or environmental, dosemeters used for individual (personal) and/or area, i.e. workplace and/or environmental monitoring. NOTE The quality of a supplier of a dosimetry service depends on both the characteristics of the approved (type‑tested) dosimetry system and the training and experience of the staff, together with the calibration procedures and quality assurance programmes. The performance evaluation according to this document can be carried out by a dosimetry service to demonstrate the fulfilment of specified performance requirements. The irradiation qualities used in this document are representative for exposure situations that are expected or mimic workplace fields from the radiological activities being monitored using the dosemeters from the services. This document applies to personal and area dosemeters for the assessment of external photon radiation with a fluence-weighted mean energy between 8 keV and 10 MeV, beta radiation with a fluence-weighted mean energy between 60 keV and 1,2 MeV, and neutron radiation with a fluence-weighted mean energy between 25,3 meV, i.e. thermal neutrons with a Maxwellian energy distribution with kT = 25,3 meV, and 200 MeV. It covers all types of personal and area dosemeters needing laboratory processing (e.g. thermoluminescent, optically stimulated luminescence, radiophotoluminescent, track detectors or photographic-film dosemeters) and involving continuous measurements or measurements repeated regularly at fixed time intervals (e.g. several weeks, one month). Active direct reading as well as semi-passive or hybrid dosemeters, such as direct ion storage (DIS) or silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) dosemeters, for dose measurement, can also be treated according to this document. Then, they are treated as if they were passive, i.e. the dosimetry service reads their indicated values and reports them to the evaluation organization. In this document, the corrected indicated (corrected indication) value is the one given by the dosimetry systems as the final result of the evaluation algorithm (for example display of the software, printout) in units of dose equivalent (Sv). Environmental dosemeters usually indicate the quantity H* (10) but they can, in addition or alternatively, indicate the quantity H' (3), H' (0,07), air kerma, K a , or absorbed dose, D . All these dosemeters can also be treated according to this document. If K a or D is indicated (in Gy) the dose values in this document stated in Sv shall then be interpreted as equivalent values in Gy.