金属材料 硬度和材料参数的仪器压入试验 第6部分：高温下的仪器压入试验

[中文适用范围]： 本文件规定了高温环境下进行仪器压入试验的方法，用于测定高于环境温度时的硬度及其他材料参数。高温试验在本文件中定义为：试样和压头尖端被加热至高于仪器环境温度的可控和可测量温度，使用绝缘屏蔽以包围高温区域，以减少加热效应，使得仪器压入试验机的大部分保持在环境温度条件下。本文件仅适用于那些经过可追溯校准，并在高温条件下运行时符合ISO 14577-2间接验证标准的试验机，以确保高温区对环境传感器的影响已被考虑。本文件涵盖在空气中、惰性或还原气体环境中以及真空条件下的高温仪器压入试验。本文件提供了一种方法，使压头尖端和试样均处于主动加热状态，并且对压头尖端和试样进行独立的反馈控制和温度测量。本文件提供了一种估算接触温度不确定性的方法，随着试样热导率的降低，不确定性会增加，用户需自行判断该不确定性是否适合其用途。本文件中的试验方法不适用于以下情况：——压头尖端本体温度未直接测量的仪器压入试验；——将整个仪器置于加热箱内以实现系统整体等温加热的仪器压入试验，此类系统通常只能实现有限的高温；——试样进行主动加热，而压头仅被动加热的仪器压入试验，例如通过靠近高温试样、通过压入接触点的热传导、热气体或其组合方式实现。 [外文原描述]： This document specifies the instrumented indentation method for testing at elevated temperature for determination of hardness and other materials parameters at temperatures above ambient. Elevated temperature testing is defined in this document to be when the test piece and indenter tip are heated above the ambient conditions of the instrument to a controlled and measured temperature; insulating shielding is used to enclose the hot zone to reduce heating effects so that the majority of the instrumented indentation testing machine is at ambient conditions. This document is restricted to test machines that have been traceably calibrated and pass an indirect verification according to ISO 14577-2 when operating at elevated temperature to ensure that any effects on ambient sensors caused by the presence of a hot zone are accounted for. This document covers instrumented indentation testing at elevated temperatures in air, in inert or reducing gaseous environments, or in vacuum. This document provides a method for instrumented indentation testing at elevated temperature with both the indenter tip and test piece actively heated, and with independent feedback control and temperature measurement of both the indenter tip and test piece. This document provides a method for estimation of the uncertainty of the contact temperature. The uncertainty increases as the thermal conductivity of the test piece decreases. It is left to the user to decide if that uncertainty is fit for their purpose. The test method in this document is not applicable to: — instrumented indentation testing where there is no direct measurement of the temperature of the indenter tip body itself; — instrumented indentation testing where above ambient temperatures are obtained by placing the entire instrument in a hot box to achieve iso-thermal heating of the whole system. These systems typically only achieve limited elevated temperature; — instrumented indentation testing with active heating of the test piece but only passive heating of the indenter, e.g. by proximity to the hot test piece and thermal conduction through the indentation contact, hot gas, or any combination.