土工学调查和试验.土壤的识别和分类.第1部分:识别和描述

[中文适用范围]： 本文档规定了土壤识别和描述的规则，并 intended 与 ISO 14688-2 结合阅读，后者概述了用于工程目的的土壤材料特征分类的基础。相关特征可能有所不同，因此对于特定项目或材料，更详细的描述和分类术语细分可能是适当的。本文档规定了基于灵活系统（供有经验人员使用）的土壤识别和描述程序，涵盖通过视觉和手动技术进行的材料特征和整体特征。详细说明了识别土壤的单个特征和常规使用的描述术语，包括作为描述过程一部分在野外进行的徒手测试的结果。本文档适用于为工程目的描述的土壤，这些土壤可以是自然过程形成的、人工形成的或由合成材料组成的。注1：岩石的识别和描述由 ISO 14689-1 涵盖。土壤和岩石之间材料的识别和描述视情况使用本文档、ISO 14688-2 和 ISO 14689-1 的程序。注2：用于土壤学目的以及土壤保护和污染场修复测量框架内的土壤识别和分类，由 ISO 25177 涵盖。 [外文原描述]： ISO 14688-1:2017 specifies the rules for the identification and description of soils and is intended to be read in conjunction with ISO 14688‑2, which outlines the basis of classification of those material characteristics most commonly used for soils for engineering purposes. The relevant characteristics could vary and therefore, for particular projects or materials, more detailed subdivisions of the descriptive and classification terms could be appropriate. ISO 14688-1:2017 specifies procedures for the identification and description of soils based on a flexible system for use by experienced persons, covering both material and mass characteristics by visual and manual techniques. Details are given of the individual characteristics for identifying soils and the descriptive terms in regular use, including those related to the results of hand tests carried out in the field as part of the descriptive process. ISO 14688-1:2017 is applicable to the description of soils for engineering purposes which can be those laid by natural processes, those laid by man or comprise synthetic materials. NOTE 1 The identification and description of rocks are covered by ISO 14689-1. Identification and description of materials intermediate between soil and rocks are carried out using the procedures in this document, ISO 14688‑2 and ISO 14689-1 as appropriate. NOTE 2 The identification and classification of soil for pedological purposes, as well as in the framework of measurements for soil protection and for remediation of contaminated areas, is covered by ISO 25177.