塑料.含水系统中塑料材料富氧菌生物降解性的测定.生物气产生的测量方法

[中文适用范围]： 本标准规定了用厌氧微生物测定塑料最终厌氧生物降解性的方法。 本国际标准中描述的条件不一定对应于发生最大程度生物降解的最佳条件。 该测试要求测试材料在污泥中暴露长达 90 天，这比厌氧消化池中的正常污泥保留时间（25 至 30 天）要长，尽管工业场所的消化池可以有更长的保留时间。 该方法适用于以下材料： ——天然和/或合成聚合物、共聚物或其混合物； ——含有增塑剂、着色剂或其他化合物等添加剂的塑料材料； ——水溶性聚合物； ——在测试条件下，不会抑制接种物中存在的微生物的材料。 抑制效果可以使用抑制对照或通过另一种适当的方法来确定（参见例如ISO 13641）。 如果测试材料对接种物有抑制作用，则可以使用较低的测试浓度、另一种接种物或预暴露的接种物。 [外文原描述]： ISO 14853:2016 specifies a method for the determination of the ultimate anaerobic biodegradability of plastics by anaerobic microorganisms. The conditions described in ISO 14853 do not necessarily correspond to the optimum conditions for the maximum degree of biodegradation to occur. The test calls for exposure of the test material to sludge for a period of up to 90 d, which is longer than the normal sludge retention time (25 to 30 d) in anaerobic digesters, although digesters at industrial sites can have much longer retention times. The method applies to the following materials: - natural and/or synthetic polymers, copolymers or mixtures thereof; - plastic materials which contain additives such as plasticizers, colorants or other compounds; - water-soluble polymers; - materials which, under the test conditions, do not inhibit the microorganisms present in the inoculum. Inhibitory effects can be determined using an inhibition control or by another appropriate method (see e.g. ISO 13641). If the test material is inhibitory to the inoculum, a lower test concentration, another inoculum or a pre-exposed inoculum can be used.