在控制复合条件下塑料材料富氧菌生物降解性和非集合性的测定.二氧化碳增量分析法.第1部分:通用方法

[中文适用范围]： ISO 14855 的这一部分规定了一种确定塑料最终需氧生物降解性的方法，该方法基于有机化合物，在受控堆肥条件下，通过测量释放的二氧化碳量和塑料在堆肥结束时的崩解程度。 测试。 该方法旨在模拟固体混合城市废物有机部分的典型需氧堆肥条件。 将测试材料暴露于来自堆肥的接种物。 堆肥是在温度、通风和湿度受到密切监测和控制的环境中进行的。 该测试方法旨在得出测试材料中的碳转化为二氧化碳的转化百分比以及转化率。 第 8.6 和 8.7 款规定了该方法的一种变体，使用接种有从具有特定活化阶段的堆肥中获得的嗜热微生物的矿物床（蛭石），而不是成熟的堆肥。 该变体旨在得出测试物质中碳转化为二氧化碳的百分比以及转化率。 ISO 14855 本部分中描述的条件可能并不总是对应于发生最大程度生物降解的最佳条件。 [外文原描述]： ISO 14855-1:2012 specifies a method for the determination of the ultimate aerobic biodegradability of plastics, based on organic compounds, under controlled composting conditions by measurement of the amount of carbon dioxide evolved and the degree of disintegration of the plastic at the end of the test. This method is designed to simulate typical aerobic composting conditions for the organic fraction of solid mixed municipal waste. The test material is exposed to an inoculum which is derived from compost. The composting takes place in an environment wherein temperature, aeration and humidity are closely monitored and controlled. The test method is designed to yield the percentage conversion of the carbon in the test material to evolved carbon dioxide as well as the rate of conversion. Also specified is a variant of the method, using a mineral bed (vermiculite) inoculated with thermophilic microorganisms obtained from compost with a specific activation phase, instead of mature compost. This variant is designed to yield the percentage of carbon in the test substance converted to carbon dioxide and the rate of conversion.