标准摘要
[中文适用范围]: 本文件提供了用于含 H2S 环境中石油和天然气生产和天然气处理厂设备的碳钢和低合金钢的选择和鉴定的要求和建议,这些钢的失效可能对健康和健康造成风险。 公众和人员或环境的安全。 它可用于帮助避免对设备本身造成代价高昂的腐蚀损坏。 它补充但不取代相应设计规范、标准或法规的材料要求。 本文件阐述了这些钢对硫化物应力开裂 (SSC) 以及应力导向氢致开裂 (ISOHIC) 和软区开裂 (SZC) 的相关现象引起的损坏的抵抗力。 该文件还讨论了这些钢的抗氢致裂纹 (HIC) 及其可能发展为逐步裂纹 (SWC) 的问题。 本文档仅涉及破解。 未解决因全面(质量损失)或局部腐蚀而造成的材料损失。 表 1 提供了本文件适用的设备的非详尽列表,包括排除的情况。 本文件适用于使用负载控制设计方法设计和建造的设备的材料鉴定和选择。 对于采用基于应变的设计方法的设计,附录 A 列出了抗 SSC 碳钢和低合金钢,A.2.4 包括使用铸铁的要求。 本文件不一定适用于精炼或下游工艺和设备中使用的设备。 表 1 — 设备列表 本文件适用于以下设备使用的材料 排除 钻井、建井和修井设备 仅暴露于成分受控钻井液的设备 a 钻头 防喷器 (BOP) 剪切刀片 b 钻井隔水管系统工作管柱 电缆和电缆设备 c 地面和中间套管 井,包括地下设备、气举设备、井口和采油树 抽油杆泵和抽油杆 d 电动潜水泵 其他人工举升设备 卡瓦 流线、集输线、现场设施和现场加工工厂 总绝对压力低于 0.45 MPa (65 psi) 运行的原油储存和处理设施 水处理设备 总绝对压力低于 0.45 MPa (65 psi) 运行的水处理设施 注水和水处理设备 天然气处理厂 — 液体、气体和多相流体的运输管道 处理供一般商业和家庭使用的气体的管线 对于上述所有设备 仅在压缩时加载的组件 a 详细信息请参见 A.2.3.2.3。 b 更多信息请参见 A.2.3.2.1。 c 不排除有线润滑器和润滑器连接装置。 d 对于抽油泵和抽油杆,可参考 NACE MR0176。 [外文原描述]: This document gives requirements and recommendations for the selection and qualification of carbon and low-alloy steels for service in equipment used in oil and natural gas production and natural gas treatment plants in H 2 S-containing environments, whose failure can pose a risk to the health and safety of the public and personnel or to the environment. It can be applied to help to avoid costly corrosion damage to the equipment itself. It supplements, but does not replace, the materials requirements of the appropriate design codes, standards or regulations. This document addresses the resistance of these steels to damage that can be caused by sulfide stress cracking (SSC) and the related phenomena of stress-oriented hydrogen-induced cracking (SOHIC) and soft-zone cracking (SZC). This document also addresses the resistance of these steels to hydrogen-induced cracking (HIC) and its possible development into stepwise cracking (SWC). This document is concerned only with cracking. Loss of material by general (mass loss) or localized corrosion is not addressed. Table 1 provides a non-exhaustive list of equipment to which this document is applicable, including exclusions. This document applies to the qualification and selection of materials for equipment designed and constructed using load controlled design methods. For design utilizing strain-based design methods, see ISO 15156-1:2020, Clause 5. Annex A lists SSC-resistant carbon and low alloy steels, and A.2.4 includes requirements for the use of cast irons. This document is not necessarily suitable for application to equipment used in refining or downstream processes and equipment.
英文名称Petroleum and natural gas industries — Materials for use in H2S-containing environments in oil and gas production — Part 2: Cracking-resistant carbon and low-alloy steels, and the use of cast irons