压汞法和气体吸附法测定固体材料的孔径分布和孔隙度 第1部分:压汞法

[中文适用范围]： 描述一种用于评估固体中孔隙大小分布和比表面积的汞渗入法（根据Ritter方法）。该测试通常是破坏性的，因为汞污染，通过测量在施加静水压力时进入孔隙或空隙的汞体积来确定孔隙直径。由于水银静水头差异，最大样品深度限制了最大绝对压力约为400 MPa（60000 psi），对应最小等效孔径约为4 nm。对于大多数目的，该极限可视为400 µm。测量包括颗粒间和颗粒内孔隙率。通常很难区分这些孔隙类型，除非它们单独存在。此方法适用于研究不被汞浸润的多孔材料。某些金属（如金、铝、铜、镍和银）可能不适合该技术或需要预先钝化。由于样品变形、压实或破坏，开放孔可能会坍塌，而闭合孔可能会打开。在某些情况下，可以应用样品压缩性校正，并且仍然可以获得有用的比较数据。因此，汞渗入法被认为是相对测试方法。 [外文原描述]： ISO 15901-1:2016 describes a method for the evaluation of the pore size distribution and the specific surface area of pores in solids by mercury porosimetry according to the method of Ritter and Drake [ 1 ][2] . It is a comparative test, usually destructive due to mercury contamination, in which the volume of mercury penetrating a pore or void is determined as a function of an applied hydrostatic pressure, which can be related to a pore diameter. Practical considerations presently limit the maximum applied absolute pressure to about 400 MPa (60 000 psi) corresponding to a minimum equivalent pore diameter of approximately 4 nm. The maximum diameter is limited for samples having a significant depth due to the difference in hydrostatic head of mercury from the top to the bottom of the sample. For the most purposes, this limit can be regarded as 400 µm. The measurements cover inter-particle and intra-particle porosity. In general, without additional information from other methods it is difficult to distinguish between these porosities where they co-exist. The method is suitable for the study of most porous materials non-wettable by mercury. Samples that amalgamate with mercury, such as certain metals, e.g. gold, aluminium, copper, nickel and silver, can be unsuitable with this technique or can require a preliminary passivation. Under the applied pressure some materials are deformed, compacted or destroyed, whereby open pores may be collapsed and closed pores opened. In some cases it may be possible to apply sample compressibility corrections and useful comparative data may still be obtainable. For these reasons, the mercury porosimetry technique is considered to be comparative.