平衡旋转工具和工具系统

[中文适用范围]： 本文件规定了旋转单个刀具和刀具系统的允许静态和动态残余不平衡量的要求并提供了计算。 它基于这样的指导原则：由转速引起的不平衡相关的离心力不会损害主轴轴承，并防止与不平衡相关的加工过程、刀具寿命和工件质量的损害。 注 1：本文件涵盖的工具和工具系统包括，例如，符合 ISO 12164-1 和 ISO 12164-2 的带有空心锥度接口（HSK）的工具和工具系统，以及符合模块化工具系统的带有滚珠导轨系统的模块化锥度接口。 本文件的重要且复杂的问题。 包括用于平衡这些组件和组装工具系统的计算和过程描述。 本文件重点关注刀柄可能出现的夹紧错位及其对平衡过程的影响。 这些错位可能发生在刀具或刀具系统与机床主轴之间（例如，每次更换刀具时），以及在模块化刀具系统组装期间的内部。 注2：不利的过程或系统条件（例如，特定转速产生的机器结构的部分共振）或设计和机器相关的技术条件（例如轴的突出长度、狭窄的空间条件、易受振动影响的装置、夹紧装置和工具）设计）可能会导致振动载荷和平衡要求的增加。 这取决于机器和刀具主轴系统的单独相互作用，并且不能由标准涵盖。 在个别情况下，可能需要偏离本文件的建议限值。 注 3：柄部接口的磨损可能导致夹紧情况发生变化，从而导致更差的跳动和平衡条件。 这些错误无法在标准中具体解决。 [外文原描述]： ISO 16084:2017 specifies requirements and provides calculations for the permissible static and dynamic residual unbalances of rotating single tools and tool systems. It is based on the guideline that unbalance related centrifugal forces induced by the rotational speed do not harm the spindle bearings, as well as prevent unbalance related impairments of machining processes, tool life and work piece quality. NOTE 1 Tools and tool systems covered by ISO 16084:2017 are, for example, those with hollow taper interfaces (HSK) according to ISO 12164-1 and ISO 12164-2, modular taper interface with ball track system according to the ISO 26622 series polygonal taper interface according to the ISO 26623 series, taper 7/24 according to ISO 7388-1, ISO 7388-2, ISO 9270-1 and ISO 9270-2 related to their individual operating speed. Modular tool systems are another important and complex issue of ISO 16084:2017. Calculations and process descriptions for balancing these components and the assembled tool systems are included. ISO 16084:2017 is putting an important focus on the possible clamping dislocations of tool shanks and their effects on the balancing procedure. These dislocations can occur between a tool or a tool system and the machine tool spindle (e.g. with every tool change), as well as within a modular tool system during its assembly. NOTE 2 Unfavourable process or system conditions (e.g. partial resonances of the machine structure generated by particular rotational speeds) or design and machine-related technical conditions (e.g. the projecting length of the axes, narrow space conditions, vibration susceptible devices, clamping devices and tool design) may lead to increased vibration loads and balancing requirements. This is dependent on the individual interaction of the machine and the tool spindle system and cannot be covered by a standard. A deviation from the recommended limit values of ISO 16084:2017 can be required in individual cases. NOTE 3 Wear of the shank interfaces may lead to possible variations of the clamping situation and thus to worse run-out and balancing conditions. These errors cannot be specifically addressed in a standard.